Speech personality, levels of consciousness, forms of implementing levels of consciousness, discursive implementing of the levels of consciousness

Time and Space in different types of discourses

Discursive forms of implementing WI.

1. Discourse as a way of implementing WI

1.1. Linguistic personality vs. speech personality

1.2. Speech and discourse as functional implementing WI

2. Discourse in terms of the typology of the levels of consciousness

2.1. Types of consciousness: basic principles of typology

2.2. Basic forms of implementing different types of consciousness

2.3. Time and space in different types of discourses.

The basic terms to be considered:

1.

It has already been stated that the device of rendering cognitive experience may be either language or speech. Recollecting the semantic triangle, one may see that instead of the Language at a more generalized level there may be Speech (the use of the language). In terms of the anthropocentric paradigm of modern linguistics it comes to the speech personality. The speech personality is a personality who implements him/herself in communication, who chooses and fulfils a certain strategy and tactics of communication, chooses and uses a certain range of devices (linguistic and extra-linguistic). This is to be distinguished from the communicative personality, which is defined as a concrete participant of a concrete communicative act, really acting in actual communication.

The basic unit of speech is speech act, the basic unit of discourse. Discourse is defined as a special type of implementing the process (speech) and product of communication (text).

Essential for the theory under consideration is that discourse is interpreted as the device of implementing different levels of consciousness. The level of consciousness in terms of the theory of WI may be defined as a way of comprehending the reality in terms of a certain system of explaining and reconstructing this reality.

Thus, in terms of WI theory, discourse may be defined as a linguistic device of rendering human experience of cognition at different levels of consciousness, which implement specific features of the latter.

2.

2.1. According to the theories by A. Yesenin-Wolpin and K. Popper the levels of consciousness differ in terms of their attitude to the systematic way of the world cognition (theoretical). Thus they differ: pre-theoretical (habitual = naïve); theoretical (philosophic (hyper-scientific and scientific (by its branches), non-theoretical (mythological, religious, artistic).

Typology of discourses according to the LEVELS OF CONSCIOUSNESS is completed by forms of their implementation, which may be divided into: symbolic and social-behavioural. Symbolic forms are divided into linguistic and non-linguistic, and linguistic ways (through speech) are mainly discursive. All this is reflected in HO1.

2.2. Symbolic linguistic forms (types of discourses), which implement the products of the world cognition at different levels of consciousness are the following:

Naïve discourse: dictionary or corpus (their difference mainly lies in the frequency and structure: dictionary reflects just most frequent elements of the corpus whereas the latter is the set of speech fragments of the informants containing a certain lexeme.

Philosophic and scientific discourse: discourse of scientific discussions, lectures, monographs, articles, abstracts, etc.

Mythological and epic discourse: in sagas, fairy-tales, myths, songs.

Religious discourse: in sacral texts (the Bible, Koran, Torah, Vedas, etc.), papers and chronicles of the Ecumenical Councils etc.

Artistic discourse: in the texts of different artistic genres (novels, stories, poems, etc.)

Non-linguistic forms of implementing different types of consciousness (that is non-linguistic components of the WI are:

in the naïve WI: signs, omens etc.

in the philosophic and scientific WI: formulae, paradigms, theories

in the mythological WI: idols, graphs, symbols

in the religious WI: symbols, icons, signs (crosses etc.)

in the artistic WI: archetypes, notes, form (architecture), colour

Social-behavioural forms are:

i n the naïve WI: traditions, customs, situational behaviour

in the philosophic and scientific WI: scientific ethics, continuity of behaviour

in the mythological WI: rites, rituals, images of behaviour (fasting, Sabbath, etc.)

in the religious WI: same

in the artistic WI: behavioural patterns (bohemia)

2.3. Naïve WI: naïve time and space; reference to the person (Y. Apresyan) and personal events. Deixis: here, there, now, then.

Philosophic and scientific WI: objectively oriented, no speaker at all; passive forms (look at the world as if nobody looks at it, J.P. Sartr), we (instead of I, though now it becomes extinct). Exact timing (astronomic events: in 1856), exact spacing (accompanied by figures: very long (for 2 hours), quite quick (in less than 10^-9 sec., at the distance of 230 miles)).

Mythological and epic WI: in sagas, fairy-tales, myths, songs (close to the naïve), no designation of exact time (once lived, threescore and three, magic numbers; 3, 7, 13, тридевятое царство, тридесятое государство)

Religious WI: in sacral texts (the Bible, Koran, Torah, Vedas, etc.), papers of and chronicles of the Ecumenical Councils etc. (no time and space, God is omniscient, omnipotent and ubiquitous).

Artistic WI: chronotop (Bakhtin).

Дата добавления: 2014-01-11