The process of translation that creates the product

LECTURE 4

Translation as an object of linguistic modeling.

Since a language is a model, linguistic modeling is the modeling of a model.

In translation modeling we deal with two languages, we should model the concept in a different way rather than only through the relevant languages, i. e. through situation, through speakers image and their behavior.

Having considered all this, we shall come to understanding that as an object of linguistic modeling translation is a complex entity consisting of the following interrelated components:

1. elements and structures of the source text;

2. elements and structures of the target text;

3. transformation rules to transform the elements and structures of the source text into those of target one;

4. system of the languages involved in translation;

5. conceptual content and organization of the source text;

6. conceptual content and organization of the target text;

7. interrelation of the conceptual content of the source and target texts.

In shot, translation is functional interaction of languages (Комиссаров В. Н. Лингвистика перевода. - М.,1981).

During translation you fulfil the following operations:

1. deduce the rules of equivalent selection and substitution on the basis of observed events (source text elements);

2. build a model consisting of the TL elements selected for substitution and the deduced rules.

3. generate the TT(target text) on the basis of this model.

So, speaking very generally, to model translation you should, at least, take into account both the grammatical and semantic aspects of the language units involved. However, the preference given to this or another aspect is very much dependent on general approach, i. e. on translation theories which is our next subject.

What is translation theory?

Main points:

1. The process of translation that creates the product.

2. Orientation towards different approaches to investigate the process of translation.

3. Requirements for a theory of translation.

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We have been arguing that advances in translation theory can only be achieved through study of the process of translation. It is the process that creates the product and it is only by understanding the process that we can hope to help ourselves or others to improve their skills as translators. (Beaugrand, 1978, 26).

Bassnett-McGuire (1980, 37) adopts a descriptive rather than prescriptive approach to our investigation of the process, recognizing that the purpose of translation theory is:

a) to reach on understanding of the processes undertaken in the act of translation,

b) provide a set of norms for effecting the perfect translation.

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