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Grammar Review. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland




LESSON 6

Reading

Great Britain

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK covers the British Isles which consist of Great Britain, Ireland and about five thousand small islands. The North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel separate Great Britain from the continent.

The surface1 of the British Isles varies very much. The North of Scotland is mountainous and is called the Highlands. The South, which has beautiful valleys2 and plains, is called the Lowlands. There are many lakes in Scotland and they are called Lochs.

There are many rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the most important one.

The climate of Great Britain is mild3. The Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence4 the weather of the British Isles. The summers are cool and rainy. There is much rain and fog in autumn and in winter.

The UK is a highly developed industrial country. It exports machinery, electronics and textiles. One of the main industries of the country is shipbuilding. Great Britain is not rich in mineral resources. It imports all of its oil, cotton, rubber and iron ore. Great Britain has a lot of industrial cities, such as Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Bristol and some others. London, the capital of the UK, is one of the biggest commercial centers and ports of the world.

The UK is a constitutional monarchy with a parliament and the Queen as Head of State. The British Parliament consists of the sovereign5, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has always played an important role in world politics.

Notes:

1. surface - поверхность

2. valley - долина

3. mild - мягкий

4. to influence - влиять

5. sovereign - монарх

 

Answer the following questions:

1. Where is Great Britain situated?

2. What are the parts of the country?

3. What is the climate like?

4. How can you characterize the surface of the British Isles?

5. What are Britain’s chief industries?

6. What is the most important river in the UK?

7. Who is the head of the country?

 

Грамматика: 1. Общий и альтернативный вопросы () 2. Сопоставление прошедших времен в активном залоге () Устная тема: United States of America

1. Задайте общий и альтернативный вопросы к следующим предложениям:

1. These ships are new.

2. My brother is an artist.

3. The traffic is very heavy today.

4. I am eager to see the world.

5. He has a business of his own.

6. We usually have dinner at home.

7. He has a cold shower in the morning.

8. There are some letters to answer.

9. There is something interesting on the display.

10. He goes on business trips every month.

 

2. Сравните предложения в Past Simple, Past Continuous и Past Perfect, обращая внимание на маркеры:

1. I played guitar last evening.

2. I was playing guitar when you came.

3. I had played guitar by 6 p.m.

4. We took some books from the library yesterday.

5. We were taking books from library at 3 p.m. yesterday.

6. We had taken the books from the library before you bought the tickets.

7. My sister wrote a letter to our aunt 10 minutes ago.

8. My sister had written a letter to our aunt when the telephone rang again.

9. My sister was writing a letter to our aunt while I was cooking dinner.

10. She said she hadn’t seen him since she left Berlin.

 

3. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках в одном из прошедших времен:

1.He (to give) a lecture at twelve yesterday.

2. Thank you for everything that you (to do) for us.

3. My little cousin (to learn) to read before going to school.

4. My little cousin (to learn) to read 2 months ago.

5. I (to read) the magazine while you (to sleep).

6. When we went out, it (to snow) heavily.

7. She (to be) very lonely.

8. It was 9 o‘clock. We (to listen) to the latest news.

9. Mary looked at the clock and realized that it (stop).

10. When he went out of the office, he saw that his car (disappear).

 

4. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Simple.

1. I (to come) to America in 1990.

2. Do you know Australia? – No, I never (to be) there.

3. When I was a child I (to travel) a lot.

4. You (to read) any English books?

5. She just (to arrive) and everything is very new for her.

6. I never (to travel) by train.

7. It often (to snow) last winter?

8. When they (to get married)?

9. You (to see) the film about animals last night?

10. You (to have) dinner today?

5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или Past Perfect.

1. Не (to study) French before he (to enter) the university.

2. Lanny (to say) that he (to get) his education in Cape Town.

3. The boy (to want) to act the main part in the play because he (to organize) the theatre.

4. The girl (to be) glad that she (to find) a seat near the window.

5. Suddenly he (to remember) that he (not to ring) her up in the morning.

6. By two o'clock the teacher (to examine) all the students.

7. When his uncle (to leave), he (to hurry) to the station to book a ticket.

8. When they (to enter) the hall, the performance already (to begin).

9. When I came home, my mother (to tell) me that she (to receive) a letter from grandfather.

10. Where you (to work) before you (to enter) the institute?




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