Exercise 1. Read and translate the texts

Exercise 3. Replace modal verbs with their equivalents

Exercise 2. Translate from English into Russian

Exercise 1. Translate from English into Russian

Модальный глагол need

Модальный глагол would

Модальный глагол should

Модальный глагол should в сочетании с перфект­ным инфинитивом should have done выражает дей­ствия, которые должны были произойти в прошлом, но по каким-то причинам не произошли, переводится на русский язык «следовало», «нужно было».

You should have helped them. Вам следовало помочь им.

You should have done this. Вам следовало это сделать, (упрек)

This work should have been

Do ne yesterday. Эту работу нужно было сделать вчера.

Модальный глагол would может иметь следующие значения:

1) Вежливая просьба. Would you help me? He поможете ли вы мне?

2) Повторяемость действия в прошлом. Не would often help me. Он, бывало, часто помогал мне.

3) Стойкое нежелание совершать какие-либо действия. Не wouldn't listen to me. Он никак не хотел слушать меня.

Модальный глагол need - «нужно, надо» употребляется, в основном, в отрицательных предложениях. You need n't do it now. Вам не нужно делать это сейчас.

Модальный глагол shall

Модальный глагол shall употребляется в тех случаях, когда cпрашивается разрешение на совершение какого-либо действия, и является иногда заменителем модального глагола must. Shall I help you? Вам по­мочь? Shall we translate the text? Нам переводить текст?

1. Who is to answer my question?

2. Nobody could translate this text.

3. He has to do this task at once.

4. Must I attend this meeting? - No, you needn't.

5. You should have shown your notes to the teacher.

6. I asked him, but he wouldn't listen to me.

7. They should have visited her, she was in the hospital.

8. Last summer we would often go to the country.

9. Your son could do this work himself.

10. Would you tell me the way to the station?

11. Your friend might have informed us.

12. May I leave for a while? - Yes, you may.

13. She should be more attentive to her parents.

14. You needn't come so early.

1.We have to stay at home. 2. He was allowed to take this book. 3. Who is able to do this work? 4. He had to leave for Moscow earlier. 5. We are to take exams in June. 6. Are they allowed to visit you? 7. They were able to do this work in time. 8 I am able to pass my examinations. 9. She'll be allowed to watch TV. 10. I have to come in time. 11. The train is to come soon. 12. Will you be able to drive a car?

1. Не couldn't explain anything. 2. You must not stay here. 3. Can you swim? 4. You may take these books. 5. They can run quickly. 6. She might work in our room. 7. Who can read this text? 8. They must go there tomorrow. 9. May I go to the cinema? 10. We must meet at 7 o'clock.

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