Ex.91 Use the Present Perfect or the Simple Past in the following situations

Ex.89 Make up situations to justify the use of the Present Perfect and the Simple Past in the following pairs of sentences.

Ex. 88. Underline the appropriate tense, Present Perfect or the Past Simple.

1. The Earth existed/ has existed for more than 4,000 million years.

2. Dinosaurs have lived/ lived on Earth for 160 million years.

3. Humans have been/ were on the planet for just 50,000 years.

4. For thousands of years, people thought/ have thought that the world was flat.

5. The first Australians – the Aborigines – have lived / lived there for about 40,000 years.

6. People in Europe have only known/ only knew about Australia for about 400 years.

7. For many years, the United States has been/ was a British colony.

8. The USA has been/ was independent country for over 200 years.

9. The dollar has been / was the currency of the United States for just over 200 years.

1. Tom has broken that chair.

Tom broke that chair.

2. We have settled everything.

We settled everything.

3. Have you spoken to him?

Did you speak to him?

4. I taught little children.

I’ve taught little children.

5. I have seen him today.

I saw him today.

6. I left the car outside the garage.

I’ve left the car outside the garage.

7. I passed all my exams.

I’ve passed all my exams.

8. I haven’t read the paper this morning.

I didn’t read the paper this morning.

Ex. 90. Past Simple or Present Perfect?

1. My friend is a writer. She................................. (write) many books

2. We........................................ (not have) a holiday last year

3........................................... (you/see) Ann last week?

4. I........................................... (play) tennis yesterday afternoon

5. What time..................................................... (you/go) to bed last night?

6....................................................... (you/ever/be) to the United States?

7. My hair is clean. I................................................. (wash) it

8. I............................................... (wash) my hair before breakfast this morning

9. When I was a child, I...................................................... (not/like) sport

10. Kathy loves travelling. She.............................................................. (visit) many countries

11. John works in a bookshop. He....................................... (work) there for three years

12. Last year we........................................ (go) to Finland for a holiday. We............................. (stay) there for three weeks

13. Molly lives in Dublin. She....................................... (live) there all her life

14. Bob and Alice are married. They................................. (be) married for 20 years

15. When we were on holiday, the weather.................................... (be) awful

16. The weather..................................... (be) very nice recently, don’t you think?

17. My grandmother died 30 years ago. I........................................... (never/meet) her

18. I don’t know Carol’s husband. I............................................ (never/meet) him

19. Jill....................................... (buy) a new car two years ago

20. His hair is very short. He...................................... (have) a haircut

21. Last night I................................... (arrive) home at 12.30, I............................... (have) a bath and then I.................................... (go) to bed

22...................................... (you/visit) many museums when you were in Paris?

23. My bicycle isn’t here any more. Somebody....................................... (take) it

24. I......................................... (not/eat) anything yesterday because I................................ (not/feel) hungry.

25. The car looks very clean,............................................. (you/wash) it?

26. Brian: Hello Susan. Is Alan here?

Susan: No, I’m afraid He.................................. (go) out

Brian: Oh, what a pity! When exactly..................................... (he/go) out?

Susan: About ten minutes ago

27. I...................................... (smoke) 20 cigarettes today

28. I........................................ (smoke) a lot yesterday.

1. “Can we get dinner here?” asked John.

“Of course we can. Have you got enough money? I (to spend) …………….. my last dollar on the taxi.”

2. “Mr. Dillon (to arrive)……………………, Kate?”

“Yes.”

“Oh, good. You (to find) ……………….your way all right then, Mr. Dillon? I (not to hear) ………………you ring the bell.”

“I (cannot) ……………………find the bell; so I (to knock) …………………instead.”

3. “Did you call Murdock?” Her eyes were hard as she looked at Iris.

“Not yet. But I will.”

“If you don’t, I will. I (to mean) ……………………….what I (to say) …………………this morning.”

4. “You (to read) …………………….“Winnie the Pooh” by A. Milne?” the guest tried to talk to the little boy.

“Yes,” answered the boy.

“And how you (to like) ……………………it?”

“Very much indeed.”

5. Christopher opened the door for me. I entered my flat.

“I say, an absolutely stunning girl (to be) ………………….here looking for you,” said Christopher.

“She (to say) ……………………what she (to want)………………….?”

6. “I understand you (to have)……………………… an unpleasant experience there.

What (to happen) …………………….exactly?”

“Let’s forget it. Even now I can’t believe I (to do) ……………………..it.”

7. “I (to save) …………………some money – enough for Tony to go off for a couple of years,” said Milly.

“You (to raise) …………………….all that money by doing your own housework?”

“No, of course not.”

“What you (to be) ……………………..up to? What you (to do)……………………..?”

“I (to sell) …………………..the house.”

“What’s Tony going to say? You (to tell) ……………………Tony?”

“Why should he care? He is young.”

“Why you (not to tell) ………………….him?”

8. “Hello,” said the little girl to her mother and looked at her companion.

“Come and say ‘How do you do’ to Mr. Ogden.”

“I (to see) …………………….him already,” answered the child.

“It’s impossible, dear. He only just (to arrive) ……………………..here.”

“I (to see) ………………….him in the hall this afternoon.”

“I am sure you didn’t. You (to see)…………………….my little girl yet, Mr. Ogden?”

“I don’t think we (to meet) ………………….before,” said Mr. Ogden.

Ex. 92Complete each sentence from a) to j) with an appropriate ending from 1) to 10). Don’t use an ending more than once.

a) She hasn’t got over her cold …

b) I got a very good mark …

c) Many countries have become independent nations …

d) I have warned you about this …

e) I have decided to believe you …

f) I haven’t been feeling very well …

g) The last time I saw him …

h) Mary started learning German …

i) It’s a long time …

j) … we haven’t noticed anything unusual.

1) so far …

2) … yet

3) …three years ago

4) … on the final examination

5) … was in 1990

6) … time and time again

7) since the end of World War II

8) … since I last went to a football match

9) … for the past hour or two

10) … for the time being

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