Task 9. Choose the letter of the correct term or concept below to complete the sentence

B. Now match the words from this list to their definitions.

Task 8. A. Find online information on the concepts below.

Antipsychotic drugs, systemic desensitization, active listening, free association, insight, empathy, eclectic approach, unconditional positive regard, counterconditioning; aversive conditioning; transference, operant conditioning; dream analysis.

1.	links an unpleasant state with unwanted behaviour in an attempt to eliminate the behaviour.
2.	is a therapist’s consistent expression of acceptance of the patient, no matter what the patient says and does.
3.	are medications to reduce agitation and hallucinations by blocking the activity of dopamine in the brain.
4.	is a technique to help a patient overcome irrational fears and anxieties.
5.	is empathetic listening, a listener acknowledges, restates, and clarifies the speaker’s thoughts and concerns.
6.	is the apparent sudden realization of the solution to the problem.
7.	is a method used to examine the unconscious; the patient is instructed to say whatever comes to his or her mind.
8.	is a capacity for warmth and understanding.
9.	is a method that combines various kinds of therapy or combinations of therapy.
10.	is a technique used by psychoanalysis to interpret the con tent of patients’ dreams.
11.	pairs the stimulus that triggers an unwanted behaviour with a new, more desirable behavior.
12.	is the process, experienced by the patient, of feeling toward an analyst or therapist the way he or she feels or felt toward some other important figure in his or her life.
13.	is when undesirable behavior is not reinforced, while desirable behaviour is reinforced.

C. Find and suggest the Russian equivalents for these terms.

Key: 1. aversive conditioning (аверсивное обусловливание, выработка условнорефлекторного отвращения); 2. unconditional positive regard (безоговорочное положительное отношение, принятие человека таким, какой он есть); 3. antipsychotic drugs (антипсихотическое/нейролептическое средство); 4. systemic desensitization (системная десенситизация); 5. active listening (активное слушание); 6. insight («озарение», догадка, инсайт); 7, free association (свободная ассоциация); 8. empathy; 9.eclectic approach (эклектический подход)в. 10. dream analysis (анализ сновидений); 11. counterconditioning (противообусловливание, стимулирование замены нежелательной реакции желательной); 12. transference; 13. operant conditioning (оперантное обусловливание).

a. eclectic approach; f. systemic desensitization

b. empathy g. aversive conditioning

c. insight h. antipsychotic drugs

d. free association i. active listening

e. unconditional positive regard

1. Patients with schizophrenia are often treated with ___________. 2. A technique in which people are urged to imagine a feared situation in order to extinguish the fear is called ___________. 3. Some psychotherapists use a(n) ___________ to therapy, using different methods. 4. In a communication technique called __________ the client-centred therapist tries to echo back the feelings the client has expressed. 5. _________, or people’s understanding of their unconscious motives, is the first step toward gaining control over their behaviour. 6. An effective psychotherapist has _____________ or a capacity for warmth and understanding. 7. In a technique called _____________, individuals learn to associate negative feelings with the behavior they want to avoid. 8. Talking about everything that comes to mind is called __________. 9. Client-centred therapy is conducted in an atmosphere of emotional support called ____________.

Key: 1. antipsychotic drugs; 2. systemic desensitization; 3. eclectic approach; 4. active listening; 5. insight; 6. empathy; 7. aversive conditioning; 8. free association; 9. unconditional positive regard.

Task 10. Review the graph below, then, answer the questions that follow:

Psychologists’ Approaches

Cognitive behavioral 45%

Psychodynamic 24%

Interpersonal 8%

Behavioral/

Social learning 7%

Humanistic 7%

Systems 6%

Other 3%

1. What percentage of psychologists uses behavior therapies? Interpersonal therapies?

2. What type of psychotherapy is used by the greatest percentage of psychologists. Why do you think this is so?

3. What type of psychotherapy is used by the second greatest percentage of psychologists. Why do you think this is so?

4. What type of psychotherapy is used by the lowest percentage of psychologists. Why do you think this is so?

5. Psychodynamic therapy (or a short-term dynamic psychotherapy) is an approach that is similar to psychoanalysis. Why do you think more therapists practice psychodynamic therapy rather than classical psychoanalysis?

4. How popular do you think biological approaches are? Why do you think so?

Task 11. To illustrate how psychoanalytic therapy works, here are two examples or clinical vignette of an individual with different problems, forgetfulness and being overweight. Read the clinical examples of psychodynamic/psychoanalytic therapy below. Role play these therapeutic sessions narrating/relating these events in the 1^st person in the form of a dialogue between a client and a psychologist.

Дата добавления: 2014-11-08