Прочтите и переведите текст

Найдите в тексте и напишите словами все числительные. Вариант 5 St. Petersburg

Письменно ответьте на вопросы.

B) признаком множественного числа имени существительного

A) показателем 3-го лица, ед.числа глагола в Present Simple

Сравнения.

Перепишите и письменно переведите 2,3 и 4 абзацы.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы
сравнения и переведите их на русский язык, укажите степень

- New York is the largest city in the United States.

- More than 80 languages are spoken throughout the neighbourhoods
and streets of the city.

- Sometimes celebrations in small quarters are more interesting than
the big Fifth Avenue parades.

- There are more Irish and Italians in New York than in any other city
outside Ireland and Italy.

4. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовременные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

- In 1609, Henry Hudson, who worked for the Dutch East India
Company, sailed up the river that now bears his name and went as
far as Albany.

- New York smells the whole world kitchen.

- If you get on a subway you will see people reading newspapers
almost on all languages.

- More than 80,000 Chinese-Americans live in Chinatown in

Manhattan.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием -s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. является

c) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного

- More than 80 languages are spoken throughout the neighbourhoods
and streets of the city.

- Chinatown looks more like Hong Kong than New York.

- New York smells the whole world kitchen.

- There is always something to celebrate in New York: the Chinese
New Year in January, with its wonderful fireworks and dragon
parade; San Gennaro's Day in September, When the whole of Little
Italy is out in the streets dancing; Easter Parade on Fifth Avenue;
the New Year's Eve celebrations in Times Square; Harlem Day in
August...

- What is the history of the settlement New York?

- What nationalities live in New York?

- What famous holidays are there in New York?

1. The beautiful city of St. Petersburg is built on water, which gives a
magical and romantic atmosphere. Poets and writers often call it "The northern
Venice", "The Pearl of the Baltics". The city was born and grew up on 42
islands. Now they are linked by 363 bridges. It stretches along the Neva River.

2. It was the Tsar's fancy to build a city on a swampy land at the mouth of
the Neva river. Peter I believed that the new city would provide a port for trade
through the Baltic Sea giving Russia a "window on Europe". In May, 1703 Peter
I founded a fortress on a small island called Zayachy. The fortress was named
after Saint Peter and gave its name to the future northern capital of Russia.

3. At the beginning of its construction the city charged everyone an
obligatory tribute. Those who arrived by carriage were to bring three stones, and
those who came by river or sea — ten stones. Many famous European and
Russian masters did their best work while constructing the city. Palaces,
cathedrals, buildings of rare beauty rose along straight avenues and streets,
squares and parks.

4. The first monumental ensemble of the city, Peter and Paul fortress, attracts
lots of tourists. The Cathedral of Peter and Paul fortress built by architect Tresini
in 1712-1733 became the necropolis of Russian tsars. St. Peresburg displays a
remarkable richness of architecture. Its Winter Palace, the Kazan and St. Isaac's
Cathedrals, Vorontsov and Stroganov Palaces are world famous. Museums are
the city's pride. One of the most famous museums, the State Hermitage, is
situated here. Its collection boasts of tsar's treasures, works of world-known
artists, and paintings from private galleries. Some 2,5 million masterpieces of
various epochs, countries and nations are located in more than one thousands
halls. It is one of the largest museums in Europe.

5. St. Petersburg has played a vital role in Russian history. It was the scene of
the February Revolutions in 1917 and was fiercely defended during World War
II. It was renamed 3 times - Petrograd, Leningrad and, again, St. Petersburg.
Now, the city plays an important role in Russian economy, culture and
international cooperation.

6. Great Federico Fellini, who once visited St. Petersburg said, "I'm happy that I was born in Italy and worked in Rome, but, probably, I would be twice as happy if fate would let me have a nook in Russia, in St. Petersburg. I fell in love with the city. Somehow, I understand it". If you have a chance to visit this great city, you will fall in love with it, too.

2. Перепишите и письменно переведите 2,3 и 4 абзацы.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы
сравнения и переведите их на русский язык, укажите степень
сравнения.

- The beautiful city of St. Petersburg is built on water, which gives a
magical and romantic atmosphere.

- One of the most famous museums, the State Hermitage, is situated
here.

- St. Petersburg is more beautiful then most other cities in Russia and
abroad.

- It is one of the largest museums in Europe.

4. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них

видовременные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

- At the beginning of its construction the city charged everyone an
obligatory tribute.

- The first monumental ensemble of the city, Peter and Paul fortress,
attracts lots of tourists.

- Its Winter Palace, the Kazan and St. Isaac's Cathedrals, Vorontsov
and Stroganov Palaces are world famous.

- St. Petersburg has played a vital role in Russian history.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием -s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. является

a) показателем 3-го лица, ед.числа глагола в Present Simple

b) признаком множественного числа имени существительного

c) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного

- Its collection boasts of tsar's treasures, works of world-known
artists, and paintings from private galleries.

Now, the city plays an important role in Russian economy, culture

and

international cooperation.

Some 2,5 million masterpieces of various epochs, countries and

nations are located in more than one thousands halls.

The first monumental ensemble of the city, Peter and Paul fortress,

attracts lots of tourists.

6. Письменно ответьте на вопросы.

- What is the geographical situation of St. Petersburg?

- What places of interest are there in St. Petersburg?

- What is the role of the city in the history of Russia?

7. Найдите в текст е и нап ишите словами все числительные.

(^Контрольная работаГ>^2^) Для того, чтобы выполнить контрольную работу №2, необходимо усвоить

следующие разделы курса.

1. Пассивный залог (Passive Voice).

2. Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.
Образец выполнения 1 (к упр. 3).

Moscow University was founded by Lomonosov. Московский университет

был основан Ломоносовым.

Was founded - Passive Voice (Пассивный залог), Past Simple от формы

инфинитива to be founded, образованный при помощи вспомогательного

глагола to be и глагола to found в III форме.

Образец выполнения 2 (к упр.4).

One may speak everything he wants at Hyde Park. Можно говорить все,

что хочется в Гайд Парке. Функция разрешения.

One is allowed to speak everything he wants in Hyde Park.

To be allowed - эквивалент модального глагола may.

One might speak everything he wanted in Hyde Park.

One will be allowed to speak everything he wants in Hyde Park. Вариант J Russia

1. Прочтите и переведите текст.

1. Russia is the world's largest country, stretching over eastern Europe and
northern Asia. It covers twice the territory of either the US or China. Russia is
bounded in the west by Finland, Estonia, Lithuania, Belarus, and the Ukraine
and is bounded in the south by Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China and

Noth Korea.

2. Russia displays a variety of land-forms and environments. Russia is
located on two main plains -the Russian (East European) Plain and the West
Siberian Plain. The Ural Mountains, the traditional boundary between Europe
and Asia, run for over 2,000 kilometres from north to south.

3. Russia is a land of long rivers and deep lakes. The broad Volga River
system is of great historic, economic and cultural importance to Russia. It is the
Longest river in Europe extending 3700 kilometres from Valdai Hills to the
Caspian Sea. Russia has also several sizable lakes. The Caspian Sea, partially
within the territoru of the country, is the world's largest inland body of water.
Lake Baikal, in Eastern Siberia, is the deepest lake in the world.

4. Russia's climate is markedly continental, with cold winters and mild or
warm summers, depending on latitude. The tundra's ground is solidly frozen
most of the year. The taiga gives way southward to a zone of deciduous forests.

And Southern Russia is covered with mixed forest-steppe that gives way to true steppe, which is grass-covered and almost treeless.

5. Russia is among the world's richest countries in mineral resources. It
produces coal, petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, copper and others.

6. The population of Russia is about 150 million people. Members of more
than 60 other ethnic groups also live in Russia, and about 25 of these minorities
have their own autonomous republics within the Russian Federation.

7. The Russian Federation is set up by the Constitution of 1993. According
to the Constitution Russia is a Presidential Republic. The President is elected for
four years and is the head of the State. The Federal Government consists of three
brunches: legislative, executive and judicial. All of them are checked by the
President.

8. Russia has always played an important role in the world. It is one of its
leading powers.

2.Перепишите и письменно переведите 3 абзац. 2. Перепишите следующие предложения в Passive Voice, определите время и вид сказуемого, переведите предложения.

- The Russian Federation is set up by the Constitution of 1993.

- Russia's chemical industry has always been well developed.

- After 1870 the fast railway engineering in Russia was stimulated by
industrial boom.

- To the north of the capital medieval Russian towns are situated.

4. Перепишите предложения. Замените модальные глаголы их эквивалентами и поставьте их в прошедшую и будущую форму времени Simple, активного залога; переведите предложения.

- The climate in the central part of Russia can be considered as mild.

- We may see steppes in the south; plains and forests in the midlands;
tundra and taiga in the North; highlands and deserts in the East.

- The longest rivers must be considered Volga in Europe and the Ob, the
Yenisei and the Lena in Asia.

5.Письмснно ответьте на вопросы.

- What is the geographical position of Russia?

- What mineral resources does Russia have?

- What leading towns of Russia do you know?
What is the structure of the government of Russia?

6. Найдите в тексте и объясните формы образования

множественного числа существительных, подчеркните их. Вариант 2 Great Britain

1. Прочтите и переведите текст.

l.The British Isles lie off the north-west coast of continental Europe. They are made up of Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland. The total area of the British Isles is 121,000 square miles. The country

is washed by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea and the Irish Sea, which is between Great Britain and Ireland.

2. In Britain the higher lands are found in the north and west. There are no high mountains in Britain. The chief rivers are the Severn and the Thames. The climate of Great Britain is mild. It is not too hot in summer and too cold in winter. It often rains in England.

3.The population of Great Britain is nearly 60 million people. The population lives mostly in towns and cities and their suburbs. Four out of every five people live in towns. The British nation consists of the English, the Scots, the Welsh and the Irish. There are many people of all colours and races in the United Kingdom. The official language is English.

5. The UK is a parliamentary monarchy. The British Parliament consists of
two Houses: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The Prime
Minister is the head of the Government. The main political parties of Great
Britain are the Labour Party, the Liberal Party, the Conservative Party.

6. The United Kingdom has some mineral resources. Coal and oil are the
most important of them. The United Kingdom is one of the world's most
industrialized countries. The main industrial centres are Sheffield, Birmingham,
Cardiff, Manchester, Belfast and others. Agriculture takes an important sector in
economy of the country. The British people grow wheat, fruit, vegetables, oats.

7. The Union Flag, approved in 1801, is a combination of the banners of
England (St. George's flag, which has a horizontal red cross on a white field),
Scotland (St. Andrew's flag, which has a white cross on a blue background) and
Ireland (St. Patrick's flag with a red cross on a white field). The flag is called
"The Union Jack".

8. London is the capital of Great Britain. It covers more than 600 square
miles and consists of 33 separate boroughs, including the City, the West End,
the East End and houses over 12 million people. British has more living symbols
of its past than many other countries, and there are many ancient buildings like
the House of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, or St. Paul's Cathedral in its
capital. London is packed with interest and it's all in colour. So whether you're
new to the city, or you've visited it before there will be something exciting in
London.

2. Письменно переведите 7 абзац.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения в Passive Voice, определите
время и вид сказуемого, переведите предложения.

- The flag is called "The Union Jack".

- A few years after the last Roman troops had been withdrawn, the
Angles, Saxons and Jutes came from north-central Europe.

- In 1066 England was invaded by William the Conqueror.

- About 70% of all the houses in London are occupied by their
owners.

3. Перепишите предложения. Замените модальные глаголы их
эквивалентами и поставьте их в прошедшую и будущую форму
времени Simple, активного залога; переведите предложения.

- It can rain all day long in England.

- One may see people of all colours and races in the UK.

- "Great Britain" is a geographical expression but "The United
Kingdom" must be a political expression.

4. Письменно ответьте на вопросы.

- What is the geographical position of the USA?

- What mineral resources does the USA have?

- What leading towns of the USA do you know?
What is the structure of the government of the USA?

6. Найдите в тексте и объясните формы образования

множественного числа существительных, подчеркните их. Вариант 3 The USA 1. Прочтите и переведите текст.

1. The United States of America (USA) is one of the largest countries in the
world. The population of the USA is about 250 million people. The USA has
fifty states. Its capital is Washington, D.C.

2. In the north the USA borders on Canada and in the South it borders on
Mexico. It is washed by the Atlantic Ocean in the east and by the Pacific Ocean
in the west. Hawaii, which became the 50^th state in 1959, is situated in the
Pacific Ocean. Alaska is separated from Russia by the Bering Strait. It is the
biggest state of the country.

3. As the USA is a large country, the climate is different in different regions.
For example, the Pacific coast is a region of mild winters and warm, dry
summers, but the eastern continental region is watered with rainfall. The region
around the Great Lakes has changeable weather. There are many mountains in
the USA. The main river in the country is the Mississipi. There are five Great
Lakes between the USA and Canada.

4. There are many big cities in the country. New York is the city of social
contrasts, financial and business centre of the USA. Boston has three
universities in it. Chicago is one of the biggest industrial cities in the USA.
Detroit is one of the biggest centres of the automobile industry. Hollywood is
the centre of the US film business. The USA has an Academy of Science. There
are many scientific institutions, museums, libraries, theatres and other
interesting places in the country.

5. The USA is a highly developed industrial country. It is rich in mineral
resources, such as salt, aluminium, copper and others. It produces coal, iron ore,
natural gas, oil. Such industries as machine-building, shipbuilding are highly
developed in the country. American agriculture produces a lot of food products:
grain, fruit, vegetables.

6. The United States of America is a federal union, consisting of fifty states,
with the District of Columbia as the seat of the national government. The
President is the head of the state, of the federal government and he chooses its
ministers, called 'cabinet leaders'. Congress consists of two houses, The House
of Representatives and the Senate. In the USA there are two main political
parties, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.

7. Washington, the capital of the USA was named in honour of the First
president, George Washington. It is located on the north bank of the Potomac
River. Washington is one of the most beautiful and unusual cities in the USA. It
has little industry. Washington looks different from other cities. No building in
the city may be more than 40 meters tall. The Capitol is the tallest building in
Washington. This is where laws are made. The White House is home of every
president of the United States.

2. Письменно переведите 5 и 6 абзацы.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения в Passive Voice, определите
время и вид сказуемого, переведите предложения.

Washington, the capital of the USA was named in honour of the first president, George Washington.

- Such industries as machine-building, shipbuilding are highly
developed in the country.

- The Declaration of Independence was signed in Philadelphia, and
the Liberty Bell told the people in streets that a new country had
been born.

- New York is being visited by tourists from all the countries all the
year.

4. Перепишите предложения. Замените модальные глаголы их
эквивалентами и поставьте их в прошедшую и будущую форму
времени Simple, активного залога; определите функцию модального
глагола и переведите предложения.

- No building in the city may be more than 40 meters tall.

- Chicago can be considered the biggest industrial city of the USA.

- There must be many tourists in the USA.
5.Письменно ответьте на вопросы:

- What is the geographical position of the USA?

- What mineral resources does the USA have?

- What leading towns of the USA do you know?

- What is the structure of the government of the USA? 6. Найдите в тексте и объясните формы образования

множественного числа существительных, подчеркните их. Вариант 4 Australia 1. Прочтите и переведите текст

1.Australians is the only nation that occupies a whole continent of 7.7 million square kilometres. It also occupies a number of islands (the main one of which is Tasmania). It is the sixth largest country area after Russia, Canada, China, the United States of America and Brazil. It's located to the south of Asia, between the Pacific and Indian oceans. Australia is the flattest continent after Antarctica. It is also the world's driest continent.

2. Australia has a wide climate range, from tropical in the north to
temperate in the south-east. Australia is situated in the southern hemisphere.
That's why it has summer when we have winter. January is the hottest month
in Australia.

3. Australia has a population of about 18 million people. 70 percent of the
population live in its 10 largest cities. Canberra is the capital of Australia. It
is not the biggest city. Sydney and Melbourne are much bigger. Australia is a
multicultural society. People from about 200 nations live there. The
aborigines, the Australian natives, represent about 1.5 percent of the
population. Australia's official language is English. Australian English does
not differ significantly from other forms of English, although some
expressions are unique to Australia.

4. Canberra became the capital of the country in 1927. Federal
Government works in Canberra in government buildings. The
Commonwealth Parliament consists of the Senate and the House of
Representatives. The governor-general is appointed by the Queen as her
representative. He may prorogue the Parliament and dissolve the House of
Representatives.

5. Australia is an agricultural and industrial country. It is rich in coal,
nickel, zink, gold. And it is one of the most important producers of metals
and minerals. It exports wool, metal, fruit, sugar. Its research was mainly
directed at agricultural and grazing problems, but in 1937 it extended its
activities in industry, research on plants, plant fibres, wool textile, chemistry,
physics, lubricants and bearings. The Australian contribution to research was
connected with geography, geology, botany, zoology and anthropology in
which Australia affords material not obtainable elsewhere.

6. The most peculiar feature in Australia's animals is the poach. The best-
known are kangaroo, the koala bear, the possum. There are 800 varieties of
birds in Australia. Among them are eagles, hawks, parrots, cockatoos. The
Emu and the kangaroo are represented on the emblem of Australia. The Emu
is a large bird which cannot fly, but runs well.

7. Australians love sports. In 1956 the Olimpic Games were held in
Melbourne. In 2000 Australia hosted the Olimpics in Sydney.

2.Переведите письменно 5 абзац.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения в Passive Voice, определите время и вид сказуемого, переведите предложения.

- The Emu and the kangaroo are represented on the emblem of
Australia.

- The Australian contribution to research was connected with
geography.

- By the beginning of the 17^th century Australia had been discovered

by

Dutch explorers.

- In 1956 the Olimpic Games were held in Melbourne. 4.Перепишите предложения. Замените модальные глаголы их эквивалентами и поставьте их в прошедшую и будущую форму времени Simple, активного залога; определите функцию модального глагола и переведите предложения.

- The Emu is a large bird which cannot fly, but runs well.

- You may see most exotic animals in Australia.

- There must be many tourists in Australia.
5.Письменно ответьте на вопросы:

- What is the geographical position of Australia?

- What mineral resources does Australia have?

- What leading towns of Australia do you Know?

- What is the structure of the government of Australia?
6. Найдите в тексте и объясните формы образования

множественного числа существительных, подчеркните их. Вариант 5 Canada 1. Прочтите и переведите текст.

1. Canada is one of the largest countries in the world. It covers more than
one third of North America. Canada spreads from the Atlantic right across
the prairies and the Rocky Mountains to British Columbia; and northwards to
the bare but beautiful Yukon and the ice-covered islands of the Arctic.

2. The total population is about 26 million people. Though Canada has a
large area, it has few people. Most Canadians live on a strip of land less than
320 km wide, along the southern border. Canada has four very distinct
seasons. It can be very hot in summer and cold in winter.

3. Canada has some mineral resources; among them are coal, oil, iron,
gold, silver, copper, lead and uranium. Canada's great natural resource is its
forests, which cover about two thirds of its lands. From the usable forests
Canadians produce millions of dollar's worth of lumber, pulp, and paper.

4. More than half of all people in Canada live in southern Quebec and
Ontario. Quebec is Canada's oldest province and its largest. This province
was settled by the French, and people still follow French customs. Quebec is
the largest province in size. Ontario is the largest in population. It is
Canada's economic centre and major force in national politics.

5. Ottawa, the capital of Canada, lies on the border between Quebec and
Ontario. It is the political and administrative centre of the nation. Most

national cultural institutions, including museums, archives, the National Gallery, and the National Art Centre are in the city.

6. Canada has a democratic parliament. It is situated in Ottawa and
consists of the House of Commons, whose members are elected and the
Senate, whose members are appointed. Canada now belongs to the
Commonwealth of Nations. Queen Elizabeth II is still the Queen of Canada.
But ties with Great Britain are not so strong as they were.

7. The maple leaf has been associated with Canada since thl700s. It has
become the country's most important symbol since the national flag was
introduced in 1965.

8. Canada has one of the world's highest living standards. It has an
extensive social security network, including old age pension, unemployment
insurance and welfare.

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