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Interpretation of ‘Discourse’ from Linguistic Perspective




The Meaning

Dynamic Processes 5.3. Discourse Interpreting

The Discourse Purpose

Dynamic Processes 5.3. Discourse Interpreting

Dynamic Processes

5.2. Message Modulation 5.2.2. Modulated Messages (M')

As a result of Modulation, the interpreted message is — when compared to the original — classifiable as being either invariant ('close or Verbatim), partially invariant ('restructured'), variant ('mediation7, 'clarification') or not existing at all, i.e. zero.

• Invariant target message ('close', Verbatim' renderings)

• Partially invariant target message ('restructured')

• Variant target message ('mediated')

• Zero target message (non-rendition)

5. Dynamic Processes 5.3. Discourse Interpreting

• The Discourse Purpose

• The Meaning

• The Coherence

• The Knowledge

• The Interest

The discourse purpose checks whether a message is compatible with the agreed-upon purpose of the actual discourse. It presupposes the cooperation of all discourse partners and their observing the Grice's maxims (1975).

In filtering the original message M at this stage, the interpreter is guided by answering the following question:

• Is the source message compatible with achieving the overall goal of the communication and the specific purpose of the discourse?

The meaning applies Schultz-von-Thun's assumption that any message

contains at least four dimensions: a factual, an appellative, a

relationship and a self-indicative dimension, which are equally applicable to a

hearer ('four ears') and a speaker ('four tongues').

Discourse interpreting involves both dimensions, the perception ('four ears')

and (reproduction ('four tongues') dimension. The meaning, therefore, can

be said to operate on the original (source message) and on the (re)produced

message (target message) in its four dimensions, i.e. factual, appellative,

relationship and self-indicative dimension.

In making these decisions, the interpreter is guided by answering the following

question

• Can the factual, appellative, relationship and self-indicative dimensions of a message be reproduced in a target message?

 

Up to now, there is no consensus on the notion ‘discourse’ from linguistic perspective. The examples listed below are some common view points: (1) discourse is a language unit beyond sentence (Stubbs, 1983); (2) discourse is “more than words in clauses” (Martin & Rose, 2007, p. 1); (3) dis-course is “a semantic unit, a unit not of form but of meaning” (Halliday & Hasan, 1976, p. 2). Different definitions will inevitably spawn diverged focuses on research fields. It, however, merits noticing that linguists unanimously lay stress on language and its use while conducting discourse analysis. Hence, in explaining the term ‘discourse’, they usually build into analysis such relevant elements as context and participants which not only constitute crucial theoretical components of their study, but also im-pact or set restrictions on practical application of discourse analysis.




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