Specific vehicles

Exercise 2. Read and translate the Basic text (ВТ).

Exercise 1. Remember Active vocabulary 5 and translate the following words.

III. Phrases to memorize.

account for	давати звіт у чомусь, пояснювати
precast concrete	збірно-блокові залізобетонні вироби
reinforced concrete	залізобетон
the quality and quantity of services	кількість та якість послуг
to find a solution to the problem	вирішувати проблему

1.

You have got to connect your land use decisions

with transportation decisions.
Tim Kaine

Проміжок часу; навантаження та розвантаження транспортних засобів; відправка вантажів з товаром; ряд послуг; комфорт та зручність для пасажирів; кінцевий пункт призначення; різновид транспорту; об’єм перевезень; штриховий або лінійчатий код (на упаковці товару); склад; докорінна зміна; розподіляти багаж; он лайн реєстрація; бути обізнаним з ситуацією; затримка багажу.

‘Facilities create traffic’ is an old rule in transport which means that you must have a specific vehicle for a particular class or traffic. Road tanker manufacturers offer specific vehicles for different goods units of which the following are important:

1. Covered vans which range from light vans and delivery vehicles up to bulk deliveries of furniture and equipment.

2. Open trucks which have sides and tailboards, but are not covered. They may be used for goods which do not spoil in wet weather.

3. Tippers which are usually very large open trucks, used for carrying bulk deliveries of non-spoiling commodities such as aggregates, ores, etc., which can easily be discharged by tipping.

4. Platform vehicles or ‘flats’ which have no sides or tailboards, and are used for containers or packaged timber, or crates and boxes stacked on the platform and restrained by ropes, chains and/or tarpaulins.

5. Tankers which are usually of large size, with capacities up to about 5,000–6,000 gallons (22,000–27,000 litres) for the carriage of petroleum products and other liquids, bulk powders like sugar and flour, or grains.

6. Hopper vehicles which are used for carrying bulk grains, cement and similar products.

The way imposes serious limitations on the size, shape and speed of the units of carriage which use it. There are other factors, like: the requirements of traffic to be moved, the needs of staff, the need to keep costs down to remain competitive. You must also have a specific vehicle for a particular class of goods. Nowhere is the specific nature of vehicles more evident than in the problem of the “empty leg” journey.

For example, milk moves in tankers from the agricultural areas to big cities all over the advanced world. Yet what use is the vehicle on the return journey to the countryside? Clearly its specific nature renders the return journey an “empty leg”. It cannot be filled with fertilizer for the farms, or with furniture for rural households. At least one big firm has found a useful solution to the problem. A huge plastic bag the same shape as a container is filled with fruit concentrate and transported in a container. On arrival it is pumped clear, cleaned and sterilized, and returned rolled up for the re-use. Other firms which have tried this solution have found it inconvenient and unsatisfactory for their purposes. Such happy solutions to the “empty leg” problem are rare and only possible if a suitable return load is available.

Дата добавления: 2014-11-29