Прочитайте текст по абзацам и озаглавьте их. Назовите основные проблемы,

As.

1. People no longer think of the radio and television as something

fantastic. 2. It was necessary to lay cables across the Atlantic

Ocean as there was no radio or satellites at that time. 3. Rocket

launching, concerts, football and tennis matches can be seen on TV

as they occur. 4. As the operation of integrated circuits depends on

microscopic components, the purity of all materials at the plant

must be very high. 5. One can see that there is no principal difference

between iron and copper as conductors. 6. President T. Jefferson

offered his personal library as the basis for the national library.

7. It is difficult for the first-year students to study at the institute as

they do not know yet how to organize their work and time. 8. No

system of the past was as simple as the metric system. 9. Such metals

as iron, cobalt, and nickel are much more magnetic than any other

known substances. 10. Cryogenic fuels such as liquid hydrogen are

used to cool the aircraft surface. 11. Metallurgists are trying to make

composite materials as strong and light as possible. 12. Measures

must be taken to keep Moscow air as clean as possible. 13. Engineers

are working at the problem of making computers as small as

possible.

Упражнение 5. Переведите предложения, учитывая различные значения

предлога by.

1. It should be said that according to estimates the production

of materials in space is to bring 60 billion dollars by 2030. 2. The

best way to study before the exam is by changing one's activity every

30 minutes. 3. The first self-propelled vehicle in Russia was

made by Kulibin in the 18-th century. 4. Driving a new Japanese

car a driver will find his way even in Sahara by switching over to a

navigation Earth satellite. 5. By 1960 the number of cars in the

world has reached 60 million. 6. A driver may avoid collisions on

the road by using a radar system. 7. Newton's great work «Principia»

was published by Halley, the famous astronomer, who paid his own

money for it. 8. The cosmonauts were told to increase their daily

exercises by 30 minutes.

Упражнение 6. A. Найдите русские эквиваленты для словосочетаний.

а new form of supersonic transport, prospective model, elongated

fuselage, without horizontal stabilizer, cover the distance,

less than two hours, overall length, overall aircraft weight, at high

velocities, lower atmosphere, the skin is heated, the only way out,

one of the ways, combined engines, combined with, as economical

as possible.

единственный выход, комбинированные двигатели, менее

двух часов, без горизонтального стабилизатора, нижние слои

атмосферы, один из путей, удлиненный фюзеляж, общий вес

самолета, обшивка нагревается, на больших скоростях, общая

длина, как можно более экономично, перспективная модель,

новый вид сверхзвукового транспорта, в сочетании с, покрывать

расстояние.

в. Переведите словосочетания.

today's aircraft, ordinary aircraft, ordinary aircraft windows,

passenger liner, future superliners of such a class, reliable hypersonic

plane, look like a rocket, five times above the speed of sound,

diameter of the fuselage, the front of the cabin, the skin is heated to

a very high temperature, highly economical engines, new generation

model.

СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ

Упражнение 7. Образуйте и переведите производные слова согласно образцу:

прилагательное или существительное + ize/ise = глагол

special — специальный -> specialize — специализировать(ся)

computer, ideal, crystal, central;

префикс over- (сверх-; пере-)

to heat — нагревать --> to overheat — перегревать

production, active, grow, estimate.

Упражнение 8. Прочитайте и переведите интернациональные слова,

aviation, airplane, project, passenger, liner, model ['modi], fuselage

['fju:zila:3], horizontal stabilizer ['steibilaize], rocket, distance,

meter ['mi:ta], diameter [dai'aemite], cabin, technological,

problem, thermodynamics ['Gaimeudai'naemiks], aerodynamics

['sereudai'naemiks], per cent, efficiency [I'fijensi], extreme

[iks4ri:m], temperature ['tempri^e], cryogenic ['kraiedsenik].

Упражнение 9. Прочитайте и запомните произношение слов.

supersonic ['sju:p9'sonik], hypersonic ['haipe'sonik], Paris

['paeris], Tokyo [49ukj9u], plane [plein], hours ['auez], reliable

[ri'laiabi], combined [kem'baind], engine ['endsin], heat-insulat-

ing [hi:t 'insjuleitir\], extreme [iks'tri.m], generate ['cfeenereit],

generation, in general, require [ri'kwaie], fuel [fjuel], liquid

['likwid], hydrogen ['haidridjen], surface ['se:fis], vaporize

[Veiperaiz], inject [iri'djekt], combustion [кешЪлз^еп], chamber

['feimbe], percentage [pe'senticfe].

СЛОВА И СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЯ ДЛЯ ЗАПОМИНАНИЯ

amount п — количество

announce v — объявлять, заявлять

combine v — сочетать(ся),

комбинировать(ся), объеди-

нять(ся)

combined with — в сочетании с

combustion п — горение

complicated р,р. — сложный

conventional а — обычный,

стандартный

currently adv — в настоящее

время

disadvantage п — недостаток

measure п — мера

noise п — шум

overall а — полный, общий

overcome v — преодолевать

resistance п — сопротивление

stress п — напряжение

efficiency п — производительность,

КПД, эффективность

e.g. (for example) — например

expect V — ожидать, предполагать

extreme а — крайний, чрезвычайный

friction п — трение

fuel п — топливо

heat V — нагревать(ся)

inject V — впрыскивать, вводить

mainly adv — главным образом

structure п — конструкция,

структура

substitute V — заменять, подставлять

vaporize v — испарять(ся)

velocity п — скорость

apart from — помимо, кроме

way out — выход

Text 8А

Дата добавления: 2014-12-27