V обжаловать, апеллировать, по- ристер

Сить изменения j.

To the rules of procedure and evidence.

Witnesses and they must ensure that the trial is conducted according

Judges do not investigate the cases they are trying but they do

This to the law.

Trial, reaching a decision on the fact as presented to them and applying

Their role is therefore limited to ensuring that there is a fair

Court, to apply the law to the facts and then to give the right decision.

To find the facts based on the evidence presented to the

Have to adjudicate upon disputes. To do this they are required, impartially,

Most of the work of the judges is judicial in the sense that they

Предубеждение).

Action. Judges must be free of any political bias (пристрастность,

This enables the judges to exercise control over government

A fair and just trial). They must be independent of the executive.

Judges must be independent of the parties to a dispute (this ensures

Before being appointed to the judiciary.

Lawyers who have gained considerable experience as legal practitioners

In a law court. In the British system of law judges are chosen from

Judge is a public officer with authority to hear and decide cases

Judges

То be read after Text 4, 5

Make or become less

Decision reached by a jury

Closely) connected with what is being discussed, done, etc.

Just, fair; not favouring one side more than the other

A person who gives evidence in court

Notes to the Text

In the English legal system, in practice its role has been greatly

Although the jury continues to have much symbolic importance

Compared to the verdict of the real jury.

Sits in the court and hears a case and reaches a verdict which is then

Plaintiff.

Jury will also decide on the amount of damages to be awarded to the

Juries do not need to give reasons for their verdict. In civil cases the

«Shadow» («теневой») juries are sometimes used to research

the adequacy of the jury system; a random group of twelve people

dimished^ over recent years.

not play a completely passive role; they may, sometimes, question

ТЕРМИНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ СЛОВАРЬ

A argue ['a:gju:] v аргументировать;

abolish [e'bolij] v аннулировать; приводить доводы

отменять; упразднять assessment [e'sesmant] п оценка;

accused [e'kju:zd] п обвиняемый определение; reassessment п пе-

adjudicate [e'cfeudikeit] v судить, Р^^^^^р

выносить приговор attorney [e'teini] п поверенный;

alter ['o:lt9] v изменять(ся); вно- а^^^^'^' ^Р^^^

appeal [e'pi:l] п апелляция; апелляционная

жалоба; обращение; barrister ['baenste] п адвокат; бар-

давать апелляционную жалобу; behaviour [bi'heivja] п поведение

- court (Appellate court) апелля- bind [baind] v обязывать, связы-

ционный суд вать обязательствами; ограничи-

apportion [a'po.Jan] v распреде- вать

лять; разделять, делить (сораз- blame [bleim] п порицание; ответ-

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