VOCABULARY. Employment in Market Economy

Employment in Market Economy

In market terms, an individual can increase his income by working harder (taking a second job, say) or working smarter (for example, acquiring new, more wanted skills). In the United States, according to statistics, education has a direct and powerful effect on earnings; a person with university degree, or 16 years of education, will over a lifetime earn more than twice what someone with only eight years of education will earn. But still many persons entering the working world lack adequate training in such areas as leadership, communicating ideas and needs, and working successfully as a member of a team. Employees must be skilled in allocating time, money and other resources needed to carry out a job. They are to be able to evaluate and use new information. They must understand how one task may affect other related tasks. Finally they have to be able to learn new skills and adapt to changing technology.

Underemployment	Неполная занятость
Full-time work	Работа на полный рабочий день
Part-time work	Работа на неполный рабочий день
Career	Карьера
Long term	Долгосрочный
Resume	Резюме
Qualifications	Квалификация
Skill	Навык
To land a job	Получить работу
In good company	В хорошей компании
To take things personally	Принимать вещи близко к сердцу
То be singled out	Чувствовать себя одиноко
Action verbs	Глаголы действия
Achievement	Достижение
Accomplishments	Положительные свойства, совершенство, завершенность
Applicant	Кандидат, претендент
Application	Заявление, заявка
Award	Награда
Be hired by someone	Быть нанятым кем-либо
Be qualified	Быть квалифицированным
Career objective	Цель карьеры
Challenging	Благоприятный, перспективный
Concise	Краткий, сокращенный, выразительный, четкий
Cover letter (letter of inquiry)	Письмо, посылаемое нанимателю с целью выяснения требований к конкретной должности
CV (Curriculum Vitae)	Автобиография
Education	Образование
Educational history	Сведения об образовании
Experienced	Опытный
First-time job seeker	Впервые устраивающийся на работу
Job jumper	Тот, кто меняет работу каждые 6-10 месяцев
Handwritten	Написанный от руки
Human resource manager	Менеджер по кадрам
Marital status	Семейное положение
Language fluency	Беглость речи
Personal data	Личные сведения
Personnel manager	Менеджер по работе с персоналом, кадрами
Post, appointment, position	Должность
Recent position	Последняя должность
Reference	Рекомендация
Recruiter	Наниматель
Sufficient	Достаточный
То have experience in some field	Иметь опыт в
To demonstrate abilities	Продемонстрировать способности
To dismiss someone	Увольнять кого-либо
To hold a post	Занимать должность

Exercise 1. Перефразируйте предложения, используя выделенные слова:

land a job, in good company, qualifications, singled out, take things personally, resume

1. After the interview was finished I felt sure that I'd be hired.

2. When I was called in for a second interview, I knew that I had been selected as a finalist.

3. Even if I don't get hired, I know I am just one of many qualified applicants.

4. Despite her excellent background, another applicant was offered the position.

5. After all, when it comes to looking for work, one shouldn't blame yourself.

Exercise 2. Переведите следующие предложения:

1. On his resume it said that she's got to have a steady job.

2. Alice personally believes that in-service training is one of the utmost importances.

3. It's best to follow up on all correspondence promptly.

4. Although his first choice was a steady service position, he said he'd settle for less.

5. The receptionist's responsibilities are as follows: answering telephone calls, guests' accommodation, greeting clients, making all the office work (typing, sending/ receiving faxes, etc.)

При написании резюме используются глаголы активных действий, например:

Build	Manage	Promote	Assess
Construct	Oversee	Negotiate	Analyze
Provide	Supervise	Sell	Evaluate
Maintain	Coordinate	Market	Interpret
Organize	Assist	Sponsor	Examine
Operate	Teach	Facilitate	Review
Assemble	Instruct	Expedite	Critique
Design	Train	Advocate for	Proof
Develop	Counsel	Represent	Troubleshoot

Например, можно описать свой опыт работы таким образом:

• prepared daily deliveries

• delivered on a daily basis to customers

• maintained accounts on customers

• collected customer fees on a monthly basis

• solicited new subscriptions

• responded to customer complaints and concerns

• utilized two word processing systems

• typed and proofread sales letters

• handled telephone inquiries

Exercise 3. Используя перечисленные выше глаголы, ответьте на следую­щие вопросы:

1. What work have you previously done?

2. What skills were involved?

3. What types of duties did you have?

4. What relationship with people was involved?

5. What responsibilities did you have?

Exercise 4. Приведите в соответствие термины и их определения:

a) resume b) self-assessment c) background d) experience e) action verbs

1. what you have learned through the work you have done 2. words that make you look important 3. words that make you appear to be a «doer» 4. your education, training, and work history 5. a brief summary of your skills and qualifications

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