Analysis by synthesis

Analogical storing

Analogical reasoning

Analogical mapping

Amygdale

Amniotic sac

Amnesia

Ambiguous figure

Alternate-forms method

Altruism

Algorithmic method

Alpha rhythms

Agonist

Affordances

in environmental psychology, the kinds of activities that a place permits or encourages in those living within them.

a psychoactive drug which when it acts on the synapse between neurones facilitates postsynaptic events.

patterns of electrical activity of the brain which appear in an electro-encephalogram (EEG) when the subject is in a relaxed state, and/ or daydreaming.

a method for solving problems, which, in contrast to heuristics, will always find a solution, if there is one, but which may be very slow.

in human and animal behaviour, the tendency to act in ways that benefit other individuals more than oneself, sometimes even where there is a real cost involved to the giver.

a system for judging how reliable a psychometric test is, which involves comparing the results produced by two different versions of the same test, if they are given to the same subjects.

Alzheimer's disease

the most common form of senile dementia, a disease which usually manifests itself in old age, but which can also occur prematurely, and is related to certain, possibly genetic, abnormalities and degeneration in brain tissue.

a kind of visual illusion in which a picture can be seen in two different ways, where the percept usually flips between the two alternative interpretations.

loss of memory syndrome, characterised by intact LTS and preserved procedural memory and which is caused by damage to one of two specific brain regions, the temporal lobes or the diencephalon.

a kind of water bed inside the female uterus in which the human embryo develops into a fetus and which cushions the embryo, keeping it at a constant temperature.

an almond-shaped group of cells in the temporal lobes of the brain, which is a major part of the limbic system that controls the emotions.

in problem solving, the use of the solution of another problem as a pattern, by establishing a mapping between the domains from which the problems are drawn - the source (or base) domain - and the target domain

in the study of intelligence, a form of problem solving involving the comparison of similarities between pairs, often in the form of pictures.

in environmental cognition, a method for storing spatial information as an internal spatial representation - i.e. in the head.

an extreme form of top-down processing, most often applied to speech perception, in which the listener is thought to make sense of the speech waveform by attempting mentally to produce the same sounds as the speaker.

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