Think and give extensive answers

V. Discuss this question with your partner.

III. Complete each sentence with a word from the box.

II. Complete the sentences as in the text

1. The Russian empire covered land from… 2. Compared to Britain, France and America Russia’s economy was… 3. The empire’s industrial base was… 4. Tsar Alexander II emancipated the serfs and the population… 5. By the 1890s the Russian economy was…

authorities, emancipation, engineering, estates, feudal, illiterate, landlord/landlady, leap, peasant, serf, subsistence, textile

1. In a................... system, landowners owned the land and the

people who worked on it.

2. The Eiffel Tower is an amazing piece of …………………………

3. A person who makes their living from farming a small piece of

land is often called a.......................................................................

............................

4. People who cannot read or write are......................................

5. Someone who owns property and rents it to others is a..........

6. A.................. was a person who belonged to the owner of land.

7. The aristocracy own large areas of land called.......................

8. ……………………………………………………..farming means you only just manage to survive on what is produced.

9. The.................. industry produces cloth, cotton and wool.

10. The people who rule the country are sometimes called the...................................................................................

................

11................... is another word for jump.

12. People have to be free — their............... is necessary.

IV. Now read the text again and answer these questions in your
own words.

1. What aspects of the Russian economy increased in the 19th
century?

2. Give three reasons why Russia’s economy was under-developed.

3. What two things helped the Russian economy grow?

4. How did ordinary people’s lives change after industrialization?

V. Complete the summary by choosing the best word or number
for each gap.

Russia’s early industries used (1) serfs / slaves for labour. These people were forced to leave the countryside to work in the nation’s first factories. When the serfs were emancipated in 1861, conditions did not improve very much. A (2) 12- / 10 -hour working day was typical. Wages rose, but real value of those wages fell because of (3) exchange rates / inflation. Factories used many (4) part-time / seasonal workers who came from the countryside. They were often paid only (5) once / twice a year. Children were used as labourers in the (6) mines / fields and the textile industry. In the 1880s, about (7) 12 / 10 per cent of all textile workers were under (8) 12 / 15 years old.

— What do you think life was like for the first factory workers in
Russia and other European countries?

VI. Say what you have learned about:

— Economic growth of Russia before 1860s

— Feudal economic system of Russia

— Peasant majority of population

— Negative effect of the Crimean War on Russian economy

— Rapid growth of industries by the end of XIX century

— Foreign aid in increasing of economy

Дата добавления: 2014-12-29