Ex.2. The following words can be used in more than one way. Underline the correct part of speech for each word as it is used in the text

World Trade Organization

Lesson 3

Text: World Trade Organization

Grammar: Infinitive or Gerund?

Terms to remember:

The World Trade Organization (WTO)	™	Світова організація торгівлі
administer trade agreements (v)	™	керувати торговельними угодами
trade negotiations	™	торгові переговори
settle trade disputes (v)	™	урегульовувати торгові конфлікти
legal ground rules	™	основні правові норми
bind (v)	™	зобов’язувати (законом і т.ін.)
trade rights	™	торгові права
oversee (v)	™	наглядати, стежити за (кимсь, чимсь)
keep trade policy (v)	™	дотримуватися торгової політики
dealings (pl.)	™	ділові стосунки; торговельні справи (угоди)
the World Bank	™	Світовий (Міжнародний) банк

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only international organization dealing with the global rules of trade between nations. Its main function is to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible. It does this by:

s administering trade agreements

s acting as a forum for trade negotiations

s settling trade disputes

s reviewing national trade policies

s assisting developing countries in trade policy issues through technical assistance and training programmes

s reducing protectionism

s cooperating with other international organizations

At the heart of the system are the WTO’s agreements, negotiated and signed by a large majority of the world’s trading nations. These agreements are the legal ground rules for international commerce. Essentially, they are contracts, guaranteeing member countries important trade rights. They also bind governments to keep their trade policies within agreed limits to everybody’s benefit. Their main purpose is to help producers of goods and services, exporters and importers conduct their business.

The WTO is one of three major organizations that oversee international economic relations among governments. The other two are the International Monetary Fund, which works to improve payment arrangements and other financial dealings between countries, and the World Bank, which provides loans to poorer nations. The WTO headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland.

Exercises in Word Study

Ex.1. Form verbs from the following nouns:

administrator, negotiation, settlement, assistance, training, cooperation, agreement, improvement, arrangement, dealings.

1.	flow	a) noun	b) verb
2.	dispute	a) noun	b) verb
3.	guarantee	a) noun	b) verb
4.	benefit	a) noun	b) verb
5.	conduct	a) noun	b) verb
6.	trade	a) noun	b) verb
7.	issue	a) noun	b) verb
8.	contract	a) noun	b) verb
9.	limit	a) noun	b) verb

Ex.3. Give the English for:

Світова організація торгівлі; керувати торговельними угодами; форум для торгових переговорів; урегульовувати торгові конфлікти; допомагати країнам, які розвиваються; торгова політика; технічна допомога; навчальні програми; співпрацювати з міжнародними організаціями; основні правові норми; гарантувати торгові права; дотримуватися торгової політики; міжнародні економічні відносини; Світовий банк; надавати позики; головне управління.

Ex.4 Match words from list A with words from list B that have a similar meaning:

A	B
global administer dispute trade assist cooperate agreement negotiate legal oversee bind	manage universal supervise lawful transact contract collaborate help quarrel oblige commerce

Ex.5. Find suitable opposites to the following words and phrases:

national; agreement; predictably; legal; agreed; poorer nations.

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