Упр. 7. Найдите сказуемые в следующих предложениях и определите их видо-временную форму

1. In one recent investigation (исследование), 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. 2. At Japanese preschools children are taught skills (умения), such as persistence (упорство), concentration, and the ability to function as a member of group. 3. The great majority [mə’dʒÉ:riti] (большинство) of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents. 4. In large cities some kindergarten are attached (прикреплять) to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. 5. In the 1960s, an effort was made to try to break the cycle of poverty and poor education for young children in the USA through compensatory (компенсирующий, возмещающий) education. 6. Little effort was made to find out whether some programs worked better than others. 7. Television teaches children that problems are resolved (решать) easily. 8. Cognitive style is determined not only by an individual’s attention to a task, organized skills, and cognitive strategies, but by the person’s personality and motivation as well. 9. Little is known about the effects of leaving children with sitters.

Упр. 8. Преобразуйте предложения из активного залога в пассивный, сделав все необходимые изменения. Используйте таблицу, данную выше, как образец.

1. Hob opened the door. 2. Mary helped the teacher. 3. The porter takes the luggage to the train. 4. Mrs.Priestley welcomes the visitors. 5. Susan brought in the coffee. 6. I’ll finish my work at about 5 o’clock. 7. Susan washes the dishes. 8. Lucille drives the car. 9. Sir Joseph Binks will give Tom a small cheque. 10. Mr.Priestley brings some students for tea. 11. Hob tells the students about Uncle Tom. 12. My friend took me to the cinema yesterday. 13. Hob sends some cigarettes to Uncle Albert. 14. We’ll use your books in our class. 15. Hob often tells us jokes.

LESSON 3

Особые случаи употребления пассивного залога

В английском языке ряд глаголов: to ask, to give, to invite, to offer, to order, to pay, to promise, to show, to tell, to teach и некоторые другие могут принимать два дополнения: прямое (кого? что?) и косвенное (кому?):

They showed the children (кому?) his photograph (что?).

В пассивном залоге с этими глаголами возможны две конструкции:

1) His photograph was shown to the children. – Его фотография была показана детям (Совпадает по форме с пассивным залогом в русском).

2) The children were shown his photograph. – Детям (кому?) показали его фотографию (Пассивный залог невозможен в русском языке).

Во второй конструкции подлежащим стало косвенное дополнение. При переводе его следует поставить в дательный падеж, а остальную часть предложения переводим неопределенно-личным оборотом, если не указан деятель (by + существительное или местоимение в объектном падеже (см. пример выше). При наличии дополнения с предлогом by оно становится подлежащим русского предложения: The children were shown his photograph by the policeman. – Полицейский показал его фотографию детям.

Упр. 1. Постройте как можно больше предложений и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности употребления пассивного залога:

Pete and Mike The children He The pupils They We

was shown were given were promised was offered will be shown have been promised shall be allowed

his photograph. tickets for the concert. new toys. the post of a headmaster. the new games. a large sum of money. a short trip.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-29