Match the headings with the short texts, then answer the questions

In pairs discuss a diet which is low in fat, rich in vitamins and high in fibre for a busy executive with an unhealthy lifestyle who needs to change his diet. Then report it back to the group.

Place the words in the appropriate column in the table below. You may add ideas of your own.

Match the words with their definitions.

Healthy Diet and Lifestyle

1) Answer the questions:

Which food is healthy and which is unhealthy? Are there any kinds of food you eat all the time? What are they? What do you have for breakfast, lunch and dinner?

protein	a substance contained in foods such as meat, cheese and butter which forms an energy store in your body
carbohydrates	the indigestible part of a food found mostly in wholemeal bread, vegetables and fruit
vitamins	body building substance found in foods such as eggs and meat
fibre	substances such as sugar and starch found in foods
fat	natural organic substances found in most foods which are necessary for growth

chocolate, ice cream, chips, potatoes, brown bread, crisps, milk, eggs, oranges, fish, fat-free yoghurt, cheese.

high in fat		low in fat
rich in vitamins		low in vitamins
high in protein		low in protein
high in fibre		low in fibre
high in carbohydrates		low in carbohydrates

5) Use your ideas in the role game: one student will be a busy executive who will describe his daily routine. The other student will be a health expert who will offer advice.

A. What to eat, what to avoid. D. Give up smoking!

B. How the heart starts to go wrong. E. Crash diets don’t work.

C. Any regular exercise is good for the heart. F. Eat to live, don’t live to eat.

_______When a person’s diet has a high fat content the fat is usually in the body. It becomes deposited on the inside of the arteries which in turn become hard and narrow. If the situation worsens, fat is also deposited on the walls of the heart. The blood supply to the heart is reduced due to this obstruction and consequently the heart has to work much harder. This is the beginning of heart disease.

_______To avoid heart disease it is important to watch what you eat from an early age. A sensible diet can help prevent future problems with one’s heart. For example, when eating meat cut the fat off, and try to include more lean chicken and fish in your diet. Eat more fruit, vegetables, and foods that are high in fibre, such as wholemeal bread, which will help keep the arteries clear. Instead of frying food you should grill, boil or steam it, thereby reducing the fat content of the blood considerably. Try also to reduce your intake of sweet things such as chocolate, cakes and soft drinks, because if the sugar is not used as energy, it is stored as fat in the body. The intake of dairy products such as butter, cream and cheese should be controlled as they have a high fat content.

_______Watching your diet is only one step towards avoiding heart disease. To maintain a healthy heart a person should not smoke. Smoking doubles the chances of dying from a heart attack. Smoke from cigarettes makes the heart beat faster, thereby increasing the blood pressure. Smoking reduces the quantity of oxygen in the blood and due to this lack of oxygen the heart is forced to work harder.

_______The heart gets stronger with use, so it is important to exercise it. However, you should take exercise regularly; exercising only once every six months, for example, could do you more harm than good. Indeed the more energetic the exercise is and the more regularly you take it, the healthier your heart should be.

_______Losing a lot of weight in a very short period of time might sound tempting to someone who is overweight, but the effects of such a diet are normally only short-term and can be harmful. If long-term weight loss is the aim, it is important to follow a more sensible diet; a complete change of eating habits is needed.

_______Food is essential to sustain life. However, in western countries there is an imbalance between the amount we need to eat and what we actually eat. Nowadays it is not uncommon for people to eat out of enjoyment or for comfort rather than out of necessity. This can lead to overeating which can affect a person’s appearance and in time also their health.

How does fat affect the heart?

What should a healthy diet include?

What are the problems caused by smoking?

Why should one exercise regularly?

What is the best way of losing weight?

What are the causes of overeating?

Is It Right To Eat Meat?

1) Answer the questions: Are you vegetarian? Do you eat meat? How often? Do you eat fish? How often? Do you know any vegetarians? Do you know why they are vegetarian? Are there many vegetarian restaurants where you live? How concerned are you? Do you buy genetically modified foods? Given the choice between organic and non-organic foods, what do you do? When you buy eggs, how often do you get free range eggs? What sort of fish do you buy? Do you grow your own vegetables? Where do you by most of your food? What sort of produce do you generally buy (fresh, tinned, frozen, ready to cook)?

2) How will you comment on the following?

(a) I’ve got a few friends who are vegetarians and they drive me mad sometimes. For example, when I invite them round for a meal, I always make something which is vegetarian, but when they invite me back, they never cook meat for me!

(b) I know all the arguments, but the way I look at it is this – it’s a symptom of the growing affluence of society. Ask someone who is starving in Africa which they would rather do – die or eat an animal. I know what their answer would be! Sure, but that’s understandable, we’re not in their situation and we have a choice.

(c) Of course we need a balanced diet! It’s perfectly possible to be a vegetarian and eat healthily. I’m not so sure about a vegan diet, however. Vegans always seem to look pale and in need of a good steak!

(d) I haven’t eaten meat for almost 40 years and what’s more I don’t intend changing my fundamental belief that it is cruel to eat another creature.

(e) I always buy organic food. I just bear the thought of eating all the pesticides they spray on fruit and vegetables. – I agree with you. I hate the thought of what they do to our food. You’re absolutely right. Anyway, there’s not much I can do. I can’t actually afford to buy organic stuff, so in the end I don’t really have a choice.

3) Read the texts below and answer the questions:

Which person enjoys eating meat / has been a vegetarian for a long time/enjoys watching animals/ thinks the other is a hypocrite?

YES Some people think that in an ideal world we would all be vegetarians. A lot of poor unfortunate animals would therefore be able to enjoy their lives without the prospect of needless suffering and premature death. But the way I look at it is this. If we didn’t eat meat, no one would keep sheep, cows or any other animals that provide food. We would never be able to enjoy watching young lambs and calves playing in the fields. Instead of trying to encourage people to do something which seems rather unnatural, why don’t we try and make sure that food animals ate treated well? Being vegetarian really isn’t necessary. Let’s just treat our animals with a bit of kindness and respect.

NO It seems a bit hypocritical to preach for the better treatment of animals – only to kill them and eat them! Of course we don’t need to eat meat. I’m 82 years old and I’ve been a vegetarian since I was 25. What’s more, I’m extremely fit and active. In fact, I ran the London Marathon last year. Some people seem to think it’s natural to eat meat – but that’s not so. Sure, we used to eat meat in the past, but that was before we knew how to grow enough fruit and vegetables. Anyway, not even all animals are vegetarian. Look at elephants, for example, they live on grass and hay; they are enormously strong; and they live to a great age.

4) Discuss the questions:

Do animals really “face the prospect” of a premature death?

Are they ever aware that they are destined to be eaten?

What do you think would happen to sheep, cows, etc. if the number of vegetarians increased dramatically or everyone was vegetarian?

How well are food animals treated in your country? Are you happy with the way they are treated?

Do you think it is hypocritical to treat animals well and then kill them and eat them?

Do you think it is really “necessary” or “natural” to eat meat?

1) Make sure you know the words: advocate, alleviate, asthma, consumption, eschew, gall, nutrition, osteoporosis, physician, refer, reverse, scripture, succulent, vegan, wholesome, Plato, Nietzsche, Gandhi, Veda.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-29