Present Perfect используется

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E. Match the words with their definitions

1. law	A. the study of chemistry, physics, biology
2. medicine	B. the study of the design, construction and control of engines, cars, buildings, bridges, roads, and electrical machines.
3. natural sciences	C. the study of keeping and checking financial accounts
4. humanities	D.the study of sociology, anthropology, economics, politics, geography
5. engineering	e) the study of the legal or judicial system
6. social sciences	f) the study of preventing, diagnosing, or curing illness and disease
7. accountancy	g) the study of literature, philosophy, and the arts

Word-Formation

Task 4. Look at the words and fill in the table:

word	prefix	base word	suffix
eventful	-	event-	-ful
expansion
higher
education
engineering
accountancy
successfully
postgraduate
government

Grammar

Present perfect (I have done) – Настоящее перфектное время

Study the example: Ann can’t open the door. She has lost her key.

Present Perfect (настоящее перфектное время) образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола have в настоящем времени (have / has) и причастия II смыслового глагола. Причастие II правильных глаголов имеет окончание –ed: worked, played, cried, stopped и др. Причастие II неправильных глаголов – третья форма глагола: gone, done, lost, been, written и др.

Утвердительная форма	Отрицательная форма	Вопросительная форма
I have lost…(I’ve lost)	I haven’t lost…	Have I lost…?
You have lost…(You’ve lost)	You haven’t lost…	Have you lost…?
He / She / It has lost…(He’s lost)	He / She / It hasn’t lost…	Hashe / she / it lost…?
We have lost…(We’ve lost)	We haven’t lost…	Have we lost…?
They have lost…(They’ve lost)	They haven’t lost…	Have they lost…?

· для обозначения только что произошедшего действия:

Ow! I’ ve broken the plate!

The train has just arrived.

· для описания действия, произошедшего в прошлом, но результат которого актуален в настоящий момент:

‘Is Mike here?’ ‘No, he’ s gone. ’ (He is not here now)

He told me his phone number but I’ ve forgotten it. (I can’t remember it now)

My parents haven’t come yet. (They are not at home now)

· когда мы говорим о периоде времени, начавшемся в прошлом и продолжающемся до настоящего момента:

He hasn’t eaten anything since breakfast.

My parents have lived in London for ten years. (They still live in London)

I’ ve never eaten caviar. (In my life)

Ken has done different jobs (In his life).

Have you ever been to America?

Сравните использование Present Perfect и Past Simple:

Present Perfect	Past Simple
Ann has lost her key. She can’t open the door and get into the house. Ситуация актуальна в настоящий момент. У Энн нет ключа сейчас.	Ann lost her key yesterday. She couldn’t open the door and get into the house. Описывается ситуация в прошлом. Возможно, Энн уже нашла ключ.