Понятие международного права (субъекты, исторические вехи)

Иерархическая структура компании, основные структурные подразделения компании, их функции.

Most companies are made up of three groups of people: the shareholders (who provide the capital), the management and the workforce.

Board of directors -> managing director -> senior management -> middle management.

Board of Directors:

- is at the top of the company hierarchy

- headed by the Chairperson or President (elected by the Board and responsible for key policy decisions and the strategy)

Managing Director or Chief Executive Officer (CEO):

- appointed by the BoD

- has overall responsibility for the running of the business

Senior managers:

- head the various department or functions within the company.

Departments:

Personnel (Human Resources):

- manages employee affairs

- finds and screens new employees

- keeps employee records and run training, recreation and education programs,

- manages employee benefits (or fringe benefits) such as medical coverage, life insurance, profit sharing plans and pension plans.

Marketing:

- is bringing a product to market and building its market share

- has become almost scientific, thanks to computers and modern market research

- marketing people devise strategies such as market segmentation and positioning

- includes advertising.

R&D (Research and Development):

- in R&D scientists and engineers engage in what are often called technical programs

- assisted by technicians, specialists who are less educated or experienced

- general mission – to enhance existing products, to involve new technologies etc

Information Technology:

- is the computer and telecommunications heart of a corporation

- gets and transmits timely information about business inside and outside the company

Manufacturing:

- Raw materials and parts receiving

- plant engineering, production, production scheduling,

- quality control or quality assurance and shipping.

- The place where manufacturing takes place is usually called the production line.

PR (Public Relations):

- communicating with the press on the behalf of the company

- creating and supporting an attractive image of the company of the marketing

Interna­tional law

- Initially – law that governs relations between states.

- Nowadays - no longer deemed to be exclusively limited to those relations

- Contemporary definition: law that deals "with the conduct of states and of international organizations and with their relations inter se, as well as with some of their relations with persons, whether natu­ral or juridical."

- Sources: IL traces its roots far into antiquity(exchange of diplomatic emissaries, the conclusion of peace treaties)

- rules derived from Roman law or Canon law - drew on principles of natural law.

Historical milestones mark the develop­ment of IL:

Дата добавления: 2015-01-03