Printers

OUTPUT

Unit 5

1.1 Read and translate the following words and word-combinations.

An information-processing application, an output device, capabilities and limitations, graphic animation, strike a ribbon, hard-copy devices, a column of steel pins, multicoloured ribbons, produce text in several colours, draft-quality text, a pen carriage, subtractive primary colours, a quiet operation, mathematical descriptions, a sharper image.

1.2. Learn key words and word-combinations.

bitmap – бітове зображення символу

bold (adj) – жирний

bubble-jet printer – пристрій струменевого друку

cyan (adj) – голубувато-зелений

dot-matrix printer – матричний принтер

draft quality – чернетковий

emit (v) – випромінювати; випускати

hard copy – роздрук

hue (n) – відтінок

impact (adj) – контактний

ink cartridge – касета з чорнилом

inkjet printer – пристрій струменевого друку

italic (adj) – курсивний

LED printer – електрографічний друкарський пристрій зі світлодіодами

line printer – пристрій друку рядками

magenta (adj) – червоний

near-letter quality – середня якість друку

nonimpact (adj)– безконтактний

nozzle (n) – сопло

outline - структура текстового документу; організація (тексту),"каркас" тексту; состав текста– схема, план

page printer –пристрій друку сторінками

page-description language – мова опису сторінок

pin (n) – контактний штир

plotter – графобудівник

polygon – багатокутник

print head – друкувальна головка

printer – друкарський пристрій, принтер

scaling – масштабування

soft copy – зображення на екрані дисплея.

underline – підкреслювати

1. 3 Read and translate the text.

Part I

Although the information-processing application itself determines what the content of the output will be, the format of the output depends, in part, on the output device. For example, in the case of generating a simple report, the choices include

· Printing or video display.

· Text and/or graphics.

· Black and white or colour.

Which type of output to use is a deci­sion that depends on the desired use of the information, the cost of producing that information, and whether the re­quired technology is available. When se­lecting an output device, it is useful to understand the classifications of differ­ent output devices along with their capa­bilities and limitations. Output from a computer system comes in hard copy, soft copy, or ma­chine-readable form.

Hard copy refers to the recording of letters, graphics, or pictures on a hard medium, such as paper or film. Ex­amples of hard copy include printing, drawing lines with a plotter, or photo­graphically recording an impression on film or microfilm.

Soft copy refers to the use of elec­tronic signals to display a temporary im­age on a surface such as a video screen..

The most common hard-copy devices are printers. There are some common characteristics that should be examined when matching a printer to an application. They include:

· The ability to print images as well as text.

· The quality or the resolution of the printed image.

· The speed of the printer.

· Whether the printer requires special paper.

· Whether the printer can print in colour.

Printers are classified into two broad categories: impact and non-impact.

The most common type of impact printer is the dot-matrix printer. The essential part of a dot-matrix printer is a print head, which contains a column of steel pins. Images are formed by driving various combinations of pins against aribbon and onto the paper.

A dot-matrix printer can print images as well as text. Because characters or images are pro­duced by a selected pattern of dots, these printers can also change the size and style of characters and add emphasis such as bold, italic, or underlining. Modern printers can produce text and graph­ics in several colours.

The speed of dot-matrix printers var­ies considerably depending on what is being printed and the model of the printer. The higher the quality, the slower the speed.

Line printers are another class of impact printers, which are used prima­rily in large computer installations for high-speed printing of reports and forms. Unlike slower printers that print only one character at a time, these print­ers set up an entire line of print at once. Although they still print character by character or dot by dot, the process hap­pens so fast that it appears to be printing one line at a time.

A plotter is an output device that pro­duces an image on paper by controlling the motion of a pen carriage that draws lines. The plotter sees the output me­dium of paper as a series of X, Ycoordi­nates. If you plotted similar coordinates on a piece of graph paper and drew lines connecting the points, you would have an approximate visual metaphor for how a plotter draws lines. The computer sys­tem sends the plotter a series of num­bers representing^, ^’coordinates in the desired pattern. The pen carriage then moves to the different positions while holding the pen on the surface of the paper. Curves are drawn by linking a series of very short straight lines to­gether.

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