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Part V




Navy

Part IV.

Air Force

Part III.

Army

The United States Army is the main ground-force of the United States. The Army is responsible for operations on land. The Army’s main function is to protect and defend the United States (and its interests) by way of ground troops, armor (tanks), artillery, attack helicopters, tactical nuclear weapons, etc. The Army is the oldest U.S. Military service, officially established by the Continental Congress on June 14, 1775. The Army is also the largest U.S. Military Service. The Army is supported by two Reserve Forces: the Army Reserves, and the Army National Guard. The primary difference between the two is that the Reserves are “owned” and managed by the federal government, and each state “owns” it’s own National Guard. However, the President of the United States or the Secretary of Defense can “activate” state National Guard members into Federal military service during times of need.

troops – войска

 

III. Прочитайте 3-ю часть текста А и ответьте на вопросы:

1. Когда ВВС были выделены в отдельный вид Вооруженных Сил?

2. Каковы основные задачи ВВС?

3. С помощью каких самолетов ВВС выполняют свои боевые задачи?

 

The Air Force is the youngest military service. The Air Force was created in 1947 under the National Security Act of 1947. Prior to 1947, the Air Force was a separate Corps of the Army. The primary mission of the Army Air Corps was to support Army ground forces. However World War II showed that air power had much more potential than simply supporting ground troops, so the Air Force was established as a separate service. The Air Force is responsible for operations in the air. The primary mission of the Air Force is to defend the United States (and its interests) through exploitation of air and space. To accomplish this mission, the Air Force operates fighter aircraft, tanker aircraft, light and heavy bomber aircraft, transport aircraft, and helicopters.

The Air Force is also responsible for all military satellites, and controls all Nation’s strategic nuclear ballistic missiles. Like the Army, the active duty Air Force is supplemented by the Air Force Reserves, and the Air National Guard.

Aircraft – самолет, fighter Aircraft –истребитель, to accomplish mission – выполнить задачу, to supplement –дополнять, добавлять

 

IV. Прочитайте 4-ю часть текста А и найдите в ней:

 

1. Основные задачи, которые выполняют ВМС США?

2. Информацию о том, сколько самолетов имеется на борту авианосцев?

3. Отличие ВМС от Сухопутных войск США и ВВС в организационном плане?

 

Like the Army, the Navy was officially established by the Continental Congress in 1775. The Navy is responsible for operations at sea. The Navy’s primary mission is to maintain the freedom of the seas. The Navy makes it possible for the United States to use the seas where and when the national interests require it. In addition, in times of conflict, the Navy helps to supplement Air Force air power. Navy aircraft carriers can often deploy to areas where fixed runways are impossible. An aircraft carrier usually carries about 80 aircraft. Additionally, Navy ships can attack land targets from miles away. The Navy is also primarily responsible for transporting Marines to areas of conflict. The Navy is supported in times of need by the Naval Reserves. However, unlike the Army and Air Force, there is no Naval National Guard.

Aircraft carrier –авианосец, runway –взлетная полоса

 

V. Прочитайте 5-ю часть текста А и найдите:

 

1. Основные задачи Морской пехоты.

2. Даты 1775, 1798 и прокомментируйте их.

3. В каких целях Морская пехота использует ВМС?

 




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