US Artillery Characteristics and Classification

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under either nuclear or в условиях применения

nonnuclear conditions либо без применения ядерного оружия

FEBA (forward edge of the battle area) передний край обороны

surface-to-surface «земля-земля»

disorganize enemy дезорганизовать связь и

communications and supply систему снабжения

system противника

characteristics тактико-технические данные

direct support непосредственная поддержка

general support общая поддержка

reinforcement усиление

manpower живая сила

material (боевая) техника

deliver fire вести огонь

indirect fire стрельба с закрытых огневых

позиций

direct fire огонь прямой наводкой

projectile снаряд, граната

target цель

fortified positions укреплённые позиции

artillery pieces артиллерийские орудия

cannon артиллерийское орудие,

(автоматическая) пушка

gun пушка

guided missile управляемая ракета

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Question	Words and word combinations
1. What is the mission of artillery?
2. What are the types of artillery?
3. What is artillery equipped with?

Artillery is an arm of long-range combat. It is a supporting arm. It acts by fire alone and is not capable of independent action. The primary mission of artillery is to support other arms by fire. Artillery fire is more powerful than infantry fire, and it can influence the course and outcome of combat. Antiaircraft protection is another primary mission of artillery. Modern artillery is characterized by long range, destructive power, accuracy, mobility, fire flexibility and moral effect.

Artillery is prepared to fire under either nuclear or nonnuclear conditions. It is used for direct support, general support and reinforcement. The primary mission of artillery in attack is to protect the deployment of the attacking units and their movement to the enemy FEBA (forward edge of the battle area). The primary mission of artillery in defense is to help to destroy the enemy troops and inflict the enemy heavy losses in manpower and material. The US artillery is divided into FA (Field Artillery) and ADA (Air Defense Artillery).

Field Artillery (FA) is one of the army’s combat arms. Its main mission is ground fire support. FA refers to those units that use artillery weapons systems to deliver surface-to-surface long-range indirect fire. Indirect fire means that the projectile does not follow the line of sight to the target. Artillery fire helps other arms to break through the enemy FEBA, to neutralize or destroy enemy defenses, enemy fortified positions, its troop concentrations, artillery pieces and other weapons. Artillery can also disorganize the enemy communications and supply system. Field Artillery provides a powerful means of influencing the course of combat. FA is equipped with cannons and missiles.

Air Defense Artillery (ADA) is a separate combat arm of the Army since 1968. Its main mission is antiaircraft protection. ADA provides protection by effective firing on fast moving aerial targets. ADA can be used for direct support and reinforcement of FA fire. ADA is equipped with guns and guided missiles. (2146)

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