Unit 10

Ex. 80. Fill the spaces in the following sentences by using for or since.

Ex. 79. Put the verbs in brackets into Present Perfect Continuous.

1. I (make) cakes. That is why my hands are all covered with flour.

2 Her phone (ring) for ten minutes. I wonder why she doesn't answer it.

3 He (overwork). That is why he looks so tired.

4 There is sawdust in your hair. ~ I'm not surprised. I (cut) down a tree.

5 Have you seen my bag anywhere? I (look) for it for ages.

6 What you (do)? ~

I (work) in the laboratory.

7 He (study) Russian for two years and doesn't even know the alphabet yet.

8 How long you (wait) for me? ~ I (wait) about half an hour.

9 It (rain) for two days now. There'll be a flood soon.

10 We (argue) about this for two hours now. Perhaps we should stop!

11 I (bathe). That's why my hair is all wet.

12 You (drive) all day. Let me drive now.

1. We've been fishing... two hours.
2. I've been working in this office... a month.
3. They've been living in France... 1970,
4. He has been in prison... a year.
5. I've known that... a long time.
6. That man has been standing there... six o'clock.
7. She has driven the same car... 1975.
8. Things have changed... I was a girl.
9. The kettle has been boiling... a quarter of an hour.
10. The central heating has been on... October.
11. That trunk has been in the hall... a year.
12. He has been very ill... the last month.
13. I've been using this machine... twelve years.
14. We've been waiting... half an hour.
15. Mr Pitt has been in hospital... his accident.
16. He hasn't spoken to me... the last committee meeting.
17. I have been very patient with you... several years.
18. They have been on strike... November.
19. The strike has lasted... six months.
20. It has been very foggy... early morning.

Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous

Time expressions used with Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous: before, after, just, yet, already, for, since, ever, never, till/until, when, by, by the time etc
Past Perfect is used:	Past Perfect Continuous is used:
for a complete action She had cleaned the house by 6 o'clock.	for a continuous, past action which had visible results or effect in the past.
for a past action which happened before another past action or before a stated past time. She had already left when I got home. She had arrived by 8 o'clock	for an action continuing up to a specific time in the past. He had been waiting for an hour before she arrived. She was tired. She had been cleaning the house all morning
as the past equivalent of Present Perfect. She isn't in her office. She has already left. (before a present time) She wasn't in her office. She had already left. (before a past time)	as the past equivalent of Present Perfect Continuous. She is tired. She has been working hard all morning, (present time) She was tired. She had been working hard all morning, (past time)

Ex. 81. Underline the errors in these sentences. Rewrite each sentence.

a) When we had ate lunch, we were sitting in the garden.

When we had eaten lunch, we sat in the garden.

b) While I looked for my keys, I remembered I left them at home.

c) Anna had used to play badminton when she had been at school.

d) When I got into bed, I was falling asleep immediately.

e) When I was finally finding the house, I was knocking at the door.

f) After Jill was giving Nick his books, she went home.

g) Maria would live in Sweden when she was a child.

h) I was using to get up early when I had gone sailing.

i) The Vikings had sailed to North America a thousand years ago.

j) Juliet was sure she was seeing the tall man before.

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