Business structure. Staff of the enterprise

Text B

B) Make a report on the forms of business organization. Compare them in terms of their assets, forms of raising capital, liability, strengths and weaknesses, their role and place in economies. Support your story with your own examples.

Exercise 11 a) Put the types of business organisation into the correct box to complete the table.

Exercise 10 Answer the questions to the text.

1. What forms of business organisation are widely practised in the world/in this country?2. Why do different types of business organisation exist? 3. What is the simplest and the oldest form of business enterprise? 4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the one-person business? 5.What does limited/unlimited liability mean?
6. What are the most important differences between sole traders and corporations? 7. What are the alternative forms of business organization? 8. What is necessary to start a corporation? 9. What is the main difference between a Plc and a Ltd? 10. How can money be raised a) to start a sole trader, b) to start a public limited company? 11. How do shareholders participate in the operation of a corporation? 12. Why is the one-person business less important compared with the joint stock company?

one person provides all capital, sets up and runs the company	owned by two or more people who contribute capital	a registered company with restricted share transfer	a registered company whose shares can be bought and sold on the Stock Exchange
unlimited liability the personal assets of the owner(s) can be taken to pay any business debts	limited liability liability for business debts is limited to the amount of the capital subscribed

Exercise 12 Make ten common business expressions with the words below, e.g. sleeping partner, annual general meeting. Use some words more than once. Make sentences with them.

annual ▪ company ▪ exchange ▪ meeting ▪ unlimited ▪ general ▪ debts liability ▪ partner ▪ business ▪ directors ▪ limited ▪ personal ▪ private sleeping ▪ sole ▪ stock ▪ trader ▪ board ▪ assets ▪ public ▪ of

Exercise 13 Passive Infinitives. Infinitives can be used to describe things or people. Fill in infinitives in these sentences, using their passive forms.

e.g. The letter to be signed is on the table. – Лист, що потрібно підписати, лежить на столі.

Mr Smith is the owner of the company to be formed in our town. – Містер Сміт – власник компанії, яка буде створена в нашому місті.

1 The new business (to start) will be in the form of a limited company. 2. The part of the goods’ price (to pay) to the government is called taxes. 3. The board of directors (to elect) by our firm includes experienced managers and a well-known market expert. 4. The number of shares (to sell) to public was decided on at the General Meeting of the stockholders. 5. The amount of capital (to raise) will soon be estimated. 6. The manager studied a draft of the Contract (to make) with the foreign company. 7. The corporation charter (to discuss) states the objective of the future business. 8. Our company’s representatives made a request about the goods (to produce) by the Manufacturer.
9. The different types of business organization (to find) in the UK may be classified under five headings.

Exercise 14 Write a short summary, explaining which company you would prefer to work for in the future. Give several reasons and counter-arguments. For example:

In a public limited company (corporation) you can …. Furthermore, big companies allow you to …, because of …. Consequently, you can …. On the other hand, it is true that if you work for a small company (sole proprietorship), you can …. Nevertheless, I prefer big companies because …, even though … can be a disadvantage.

Words to Remember:

Advertising Department – відділ реклами

be in charge of – відповідати за

be in overall control – повністю контролювати

be responsible for – бути відповідальним за

chain of command – ланцюг інстанцій; ієрархія рівнів управління, що утворюється шляхом делегування повноважень та відповідальностей

Chief Executive – голова фiрми, виконуючий директор

Chairman of the Board – голова правління ради директорів

Chief Accountant – головний бухгалтер

colleagues – колеги

department (division) – відділ

Executive – керівник, адміністратор

freelance – позаштатний співробітник, що працює без контракту (вільний художник)

Legal Department – юридичний відділ

Logistics Department – транспортний відділ

make decisions – приймати рішення

Managing Director – керуючий директор

Personnel (Human Resources) Department – відділ кадрів

Production Department – виробничий відділ

Public Relations Department –управління громадських зв'язків

report to – доповідати, звітувати

Research and Development Department – відділ прогнозування і розвитку

Sales Department – відділ торгівлі і реалізації

sales representative – торгівельний представник

staff (personnel) – персонал, штат

stock-holding company – акціонерне товариство

subordinate – підлеглий

superior (supervisor) – керівник, начальник

supervise – керувати, спостерігати

workforce – робоча сила, трудові ресурси

Exercise 15 Easily confused words: personal / personnel.

Which of these words means ‘belonging to a particular person’? Which means ‘people employed in a company’? How are they pronounced? Fill in the blanks with either personal or personnel.

1. Does your Managing Director have a … assistant? 2. Does your company have a … Department or a Human Resources Division? 3. We weren’t able to offer the new service because we hadn’t got enough trained …. 4. Do you agree that you shouldn’t mix your … and professional life?

What is the structure of a modern business? What positions are necessary at a developing enterprise? Every successful businessman knows it. But what do you know about it? Read the text.

Each company, firm, joint venture, stock-holding company, bank has its own structure and the staff which is necessary for the work. There are some general principles how to organize the work at the enterprise. Most businesses are organized as hierarchies, with a clear chain of command running down the pyramid. All the people in the organization know what decisions they are able to make, who their boss (or superior) is (to whom they report), and who their immediate subordinates are (to whom they can give instructions). The hierarchy might be internally divided into functional departments. A company offering a large number of products or services might also be subdivided into autonomous divisions, each with its own functional sections.

The Managing Director or the Chief Executive or President (in the US) is the head of the company who supervises and leads the company’s employees. The company is usually run by a Board of Directors – each Director is in charge of a department. The Chairman of the Board is in overall control and may not be the head of any one department.

Vice-President or Vice-Chairman is at the head of the company if the President or the Chairman is absent or ill.

Most companies employing a large workforce have separate specialist departments in charge of different functions. There are Finance, Sales, Marketing, Production, Research and Development (R&D), Personnel (Human Resources), Legal, Logistics Departments. These are the most common departments, but some companies have others as well.

Most departments have a Manager, who is in charge of its day-to-day running, and who reports to the Director. The Director is responsible for strategic planning and for making decisions.

Various personnel in each department report to the Manager. One example, present in almost all countries, is the Sales Representative, who reports to the Sales Manager.

Exercise 16 Now work in pairs. Ask each other:

1. how we usually call the head of the company; 2. what collective body runs a company; 3. what departments there are in almost every company; 4. who in charge of the department is; 5. who reports to the director; 6. what managers deal with; 7. what directors deal with; 8. who reports to the manager.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-23