Prepositions

Финансовый менеджмент

Учебно-наглядное пособие

для студентов специальности «Налоги и налогообложение»

Редактор Т. Козлова

Компьютерная верстка А.В. Якуниной

Подписано в печать _______2008 г. Формат 60x84¹/₁₆

Бумага типогр. № 1. Печать Riso. Уч.-изд. л._____ Тираж ___ экз. Заказ____

410003, Саратов, ул. Радищева, 89. СГСЭУ.

8.15 Выберите наиболее подходящий по контексту вариант.

1. Few children, fortunately, get diseases like polio and scarlet fever anymore because/because of immunization programmes are widespread.

2. Despite/Although his youth, he had a very mature approach to life.

3. The opposition parties voted against the proposal and thus/therefore prevented it from becoming a law.

4. It’s possible to take a vacation on a budget; for instance/on the contrary you can go camping.

5. There is no defect in the fuel system of the car. Hence/Also the fault appears to lie with the electrical system.

6. Some people think they will be able to remember everything. Indeed/In fact, they’ll forget a great deal.

7. Fines are a good way of punishing people. However/Since, they are of no use if they cannot be paid.

8. Because /Because of the severe damage, we will have to pay compensation.

9. Although /In spite of he failed many times, he didn't give up.

10. Cars will not run on petrol in future. Otherwise / Instead they will run on hydrogen.

11. We are planning a series of conferences next summer. Thus/Therefore, there will be a day on "New Technology" and a week on "Health in the Twenty first Century".

12. We worked hard, but nevertheless/however we were unable to finish the job in time.

13. While/During greenfield sites are ideal for high-tech companies, they are less suited to heavy industries.

14. Our department does not deal with these matters. We are thus/ therefore unable to help.

15. My daughter has taken a job after school because/ so that she can buy a computer.

16. New technology can lead to a loss of jobs. E.g. /For example, a lot of jobs have disappeared through the use of computers.

17. The fans cheered immediately/as soon as they saw their favourite player.

18. Temperatures are likely to fall as/ consequently cold weather is moving in from the north.

19. Working from home is comfortable and convenient. On the other hand/ By

contrast, one may miss the chance to discuss things with colleagues.

20. Mercury is a metal whereas/although it is a liquid at room temperature.

21. I locked the door so/so that nobody could come in.

22. By using coupons, you can get a discount on a lot of things such/such as groceries and toiletries.

23. The weatherman had promised sunny weather, but in fact/ indeed, it rained all day.

24. We should book in advance because/so that we won't need to worry about space on the ship.

25. The closure of the factory was due to/owing to a lack of orders.

26. At first/Firstly I didn’t enjoy the work. It took me a long time to get used to it.

27. There may be other planets in the universe like Earth, e.g./ i.e. planets with oxygen and water.

28. Beside/Besides literature, we have to study history and philosophy.

Упр. 8.16 Заполните пропуски в тексте наиболее подходящими словами.

The nightmare of population growth

One of the most urgent problems facing us now is the need to control population growth (1)___people in the twenty-first century stand a chance of survival. (2)___the birth rate in developed countries has fallen, it continues to rise in poorer countries (3)___better medical care. It is hard to understand the phenomenal growth in population that has taken place this century.

Around the first century A. D. there were (4)___ between 250 and 350 million people in the world. Sixteen centuries later, the number had risen to only 500 million. (5)___, for more than three quarters of the time between Christ and the present day, world population (6) ____ rose.

Then, slowly, the rise began. By 1900 it was 1500 million. Now it is 4,700 million. The increase in the past 65 years - less than the average life-time of an English person today - has equalled the entire increase in the previous 100,000 years of human existence. (7)___, the rate of increase, now close to twenty per cent a decade, is still shooting up.

According to United Nations estimates, the population of the world will have risen to over 6,000 million by the end of the century. (8)___the rate of increase is only seven percent a decade in western Europe, in many developing countries it is between twenty-five and thirty per cent. (9)___, population control will be one of the biggest problems facing the twenty-first century. (10)___all the warning signs, too little is being done too late.

1. A in order B so that C for

2. A Although B Despite C Because

3. A because B despite C as a result of

4. A obviously B probably C surprisingly

5.A Therefore B That is why C Nevertheless

6.A greatly B steadily C hardly

7.A Obviously B What is more C As well

8.A While B Because C So that

9.A Personally B Generally speaking C Obviously

10.A Although B In spite C Despite

8.17 Заполните пропуски словами which, although, what так, чтобы в каждой группе из трех предложений каждое слово использовалось только один раз. Определите тип придаточного предложения.

1. Everyone was surprised at the number of flowers _______ the family grew in their garden.

2. _______ the family worked hard, the results were disappointing.

3._______ they did to encourage such growth was to tend the garden with great care.

4. COBOL was chosen _______ many computer languages were available.

5. Computer experts know _______ the best language is for a specific purposes.

6. COBOL is a computer language _______ is used for business purposes.

7. _______ forecasters did not predict was rainfall heavy enough to cause flooding.

8. _______ forecasters predicted rain, no one expected serious flooding.

9. The rainfall _______ the city received was heavier than expected.

10. The fabric fence _______ was constructed in Marin County was 24 miles long.

11. Most ranchers understood _______ the artist was trying to do.

12.The long fence was built _______ some local residents tried to stop its construction.

13. _______ caused his insomnia was caffeine.

14. Caffeine is a stimulant _______ can cause sleeplessness in some users.

15. _______ it has little effect on some, for others caffeine inhibits sleep.

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