IX. Think over and fill in the necessary word from the list given below

VIII. Choose the ending to the beginning and read the text.

1. There are four categories of operating systems: …

2. A Single-User/single-tasking operating system is one …

3. An operating system that allows a single user to perform …

4. A Multi-User/multitasking operating system is an operating system …

5. Real-time operating systems are defined by their speed and ability to work …

6. A Real-time operating system is a very fast, relatively small OS that is often embedded, …

7. The microcomputer operating systems common today include MS-DOS, several versions of Windows (Windows 98, Windows 2000, and Windows XP), Mac OS 9, Mac OS X, …

8. Microsoft desktop OSs are common in the business environment. Both UNIX and Linux can be found on high-end servers and on desktop computers. …

…meaning it is built into the circuitry of a device and not normally loaded from a disk drive.

… that allows multiple users to run programs simultaneously on a single network server, called a terminal server.

…with special real-time applications programs.

… that allows only a single user to perform a single task at a time.

…Single-User/single-tasking Single-User/multitasking Multi-User/multitasking Real-Time.

…The use of Linux is growing on all types of systems. The Mac OSs are commonly used in education and in graphic workstations.

…two or more functions at once is a Single-User/multitasking operating system.

…and several versions of UNIX and Linux. Each of today’s common operating systems is best suited for certain uses.

including, software, development, include, developed, architectures, refer, environments,embedded

1. The Unix-like family is a more diverse group of operating systems, with several major sub-categories … System V, BSD, and Linux.

2. The name "Unix" is a trademark of The Open Group which licenses it for use to any operating system that has been shown to conform to the definitions that they have cooperatively ….

3. The name is commonly used to … to the large set of operating systems which resemble the original Unix.

4. Unix systems run on a wide variety of machine ….

5. Unix systems are used heavily as server systems in business, as well as workstations in academic and engineering ….

6. Free … Unix variants, such as Linux and BSD are increasingly popular, and have made inroads on the desktop market as well. Apple's Mac OS X, a BSD variant, has replaced Apple's earlier (non-Unix) Mac OS in a small but dedicated market, becoming one of the most popular Unix systems in the process.

7. Mainframe operating systems, such as IBM's z/OS, and … operating systems such as QNX, eCos, and PalmOS, are usually unrelated to Unix and Windows.

8. Older operating systems which are still used in niche markets … the Windows-like OS/2 from IBM; VMS from Hewlett-Packard (formerly DEC); Mac OS, the non-Unix precursor to Apple's Mac OS X; and AmigaOS, the first GUI based operating system with advanced multimedia capabilities available to the general public.

9. Research and … of new kinds of operating systems is an active subfield of computer science.

Task 4 Can you write? Let’s do it!

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