Language study

Учебно-методические материалы к тексту В

(A)Exercise 1. Translate the following words and phrases into your native tongue.

At a slow speed, multi-purpose farm vehicle, harrowing, steam-powered portable engines, gasoline-powered tractors, maintenance, auto-steer systems, internal combustion engines, gasoline tractor, automatic temperature controls, wheeled tractors, row-crop tractors, initial cost, outweigh this advantage.

(A)Exercise 2. Make sure you know the English equivalents for the following:

Type of vehicle, tractive effort, for particular uses, great advantage, providing power supply, efficient type, crawler, a great number of days per year, a common misconception.

(B) Exercise 3. Complete the sentences with the correct verb.

push, rotate, turn, depress, press

1. When you … this wheel clockwise the tractor turns to the right.

2. When you … accelerator pedal the tractor goes slowly

3. When you … the horn the tractor makes a sound signal.

4. When you … the brake pedal the tractor stops.

5. When you … the key clockwise the engine switches on.

(B)Exercise 4. Many compounds mean exactly what you would expect them to mean if you combine the definitions of their separate words. Explain the compounds below. Translate them into Russian.

Farm machinery; wheeled tractor; track-laying; multi-purpose; steam-powered engine; gasoline-powered machine; row-crop tractor; internal combustion engine.

(B) Exercise 5. Make up the pairs of synonyms.

1. evolve	A. supply
2. tow	B. benefit
3. maintenance	C. service
4. provide	D. aim
5. implement	E. track-laying tractor
6. multitude	F. equipment
7. crawler	G. economical
8. advantage	H. develop
9. purpose	I. great number
10.efficient	J. haul
11.machinery	K. main
12.general	L. device

(B) Exercise 6. Make use of the prepositions from the list.

with of on from in

1. Tractors are also usually associated __ farm machines and general farm use.

2. The word tractor was taken ___ a Latin word that means “to pull”.

3. The steam-powered engines were___ use until the onset of the 20^th century.

4. The crawler is a more efficient type ___ a tractor.

5. Tractors may be used not only ___ the farms.

(C) Exercise 7. Use the word given in the brackets at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.

1.___ of the tractor includes devices and assemblies. (construct)

2. Farm tractors first made their _____ in the 19^th century. (appear)

3. A ___ of specialty farm tractors has been developed for particular uses. (vary)

4. ___ tractors are subdivided into standard and row-crop types. (wheel)

5. There is a common ______ that tractors can only be found on farms. (conception)

6. The great _____of crawlers is their initial cost. (advantage).

(C) Exercise 8. Correct any errors in these sentences. Some sentences contain no errors.

1. A variant of specialty firm tractors have been depended for particular uses.

2. Row-group tractors can be used for all ordinary purposes.

3. The oil powered engines were in use until the onset of the 20^th century.

4. Tractors offer a lot of use and convenience for many people.

5. Farm tractors first made their appearance in the 19^th century.

6. Farm tractors are used to carry on different agricultural tasks.

7. Crawlers are more economic in fuel.

8. Small tractors from 1 to 10 hours-power may be used for garden and orchard work.

9. Farm tractor is a distinctive multi-purpose farm vehicle.

10. The crawler is, moreover, the more efficient type of tractor and, however, can go on the land earlier after rain so can work a greater number of days per year.

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