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Statements




Standard patterns

Falling Intonation

Change of standard patterns

Change of standard patterns of rising or falling intonation also has meaning. Falling intonation generally expresses completion, finality, and confidence, while rising intonation usually expresses non-finality, incompleteness, surprise, doubt, interest.

Rising intonation often implies a request to repeat or readiness to continue conversation. The examples below show how the meaning may change when the same sentence is pronounced with falling intonation and with rising intonation.

Melissa wants to quit her \JOB. (Giving information.)

Melissa wants to quit her /JOB? (Surprised echo question.)

Where are you \FROM? (Standard intonation when asking for information.)

Where are you /FROM? (Sounds more interested, more polite.)

Ex/CUSE me? (Asking to repeat.)

Ex\CUSE me. (Apologizing or attracting attention.)

Have you washed the /DISHes? (Standard intonation when asking for information.)

Have you washed the \DISHes? (The answer "yes" is expected.)

Sit \DOWN. (Order, command.)

Sit \DOWN, /PLEASE. (Sounds more polite, like a request.)

Can I speak to the /MANager, please? (Standard informal request.)

Can I speak to the \MANager, please? (Sounds like a command; the answer "yes" is expected.)

A statement with rising intonation in answering a question signals readiness to answer another question or to continue conversation.

Question: Excuse me, could you tell me where the university library is?

Answer: Across the /STREET. (Meaning: Do you see it? I'm ready to answer another question if necessary.)

Q: How long did you stay in San Francisco?

A: I stayed there about a /WEEK. (Meaning: I'm ready to answer questions and continue this conversation.)

Language learners should understand what the change of standard patterns may signal, but it is advisable to use standard patterns of rising intonation in your own speech.

 

Standard unemphatic falling intonation is the most common type of intonation in English. It is used in statements (declarative sentences), special questions, commands (imperative sentences), exclamatory sentences, in the first part of disjunctive questions and in the last part of alternative questions. (Different types of sentences are described in Basic Word Order in the section Grammar.) The final fall in English is used on the last stressed syllable of a sentence and falls stronger and deeper than the fall in Russian.

We live in \MOScow.

She is ten years \OLD.

He doesn't have a \CAR.

I don't want to \CALL her.

I haven't read this \BOOK.

They left for London \YESterday.

I'd like a sandwich and a cup of \COFfee, please.




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