Read these words. Observe the allophonic difference of the vowel phonemes conditioned by their positional length

Low

Front Back

High

10. Read these words and state what movements of the tongue make the vowel phonemes /e, з:, ʌ, ɑ:, æ, ɪ, ɔ: /different.

bid — bird — bud — bard

lack — lurk — luck — lark

hat — hurt — hut — heart

big — beg — bag

pot — port — put

kit — curt — caught

torn — turn — tin

11. Read these pairs of words. State what diphthongs are opposed
in the pairs. Define the type of the diphthongs according to the movements
of the tongue from the nucleus to the glide.

hay — high laid — lied no — now

bay — buy tape — type hoe — how

here — hair ear — air rear — rare

fear — fair beer — bear tear — tare

known — noun phoned — found light – late

bee — been — beet lay — laid — late

dee — dean — deep may — maid — mate

knee — need — neat say — save — safe

see — seed — seat sign — side — sight

lee — league — leak tie — tide — tight

core — cord — caught her — heard — hurt

saw — sword — sought sir — serve — serf

four — form — fork fur — furl — first

bore — board — bought were — girl — purse

13. Transcribe these words and read them. Observe the difference between the fully front /i:/ and the front-retracted /ɪ/.

seem — since

read — rid

meal — mill

steal — still

mean — mince

creek — crick

sleep — slip

sleet — slit

least — list

seek — sick

team — Tim

seen — sin

feel — fill

dealer — dinner

been — chill

heat — hit

cheap — chip

beat — bit

deed — did

fees — fizz

me — missed

feeling — filling

these — this

eat — it

steep — stick

seats — sits

leave — live

he — him

fever — fifty

cheek — chin

steep — stiff

beat — bit

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14. Transcribe these words and read them. Observe the difference between the mid-open /e/ and the fully open (low) /æ/.

bed — bad

head — had

then — than

ten — tan

plenty — plan

else — Alice

letter — ladder

select — relax

end — and

then — than

twenty — twang

bed — back

many — matter

helping — happy

ten — tan

men — man

Shelly — shall

said — sad

merry — married

Henry — happy

chest — chap

Hetty — hat

central — sandy

vessel — value

any — anxious

plenty — platform

flesh — flash

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15. What classificatory principle of vowels can be illustrated
by the contrastive pairs given below?

bid — beard pooh — poor too — tour

dead — dared ate — eight law — lower

pod — poured manner — minor letter — later

mass — mouse at — out merry – Mary

16. Transcribe these words and read them. Observe the difference between the low long vowel of broad variation /ɑ:/ and the vowel /ʌ/.

calm — come

rather — running

barn — button

classes — buses

aunt — under

hard — hundred

dark — dull

basket — above

lark — luck

marvel — money

past — puzzling

market — mug

last — London

darn — done

Bart — but

cart — cut

March — much

Arnold — others

master — monkeys

started — study

enlarge — instructor

hardly — honey

rather — rubbed

last — plus

past — but

France — front

harbours — hundred

advantage — above

half—hut

arm — other

March — much

can't — come

target — two-pence

mask — must

hard — hut

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17. Which of the given examples illustrate a) high, mid, open, b) front, central, back oppositions?

bead — bed — bad deed — dead — dad

cab — curb — cod tan — turn — torn

bad — bird — board hat — hurt — hot

Дата добавления: 2015-05-31