Northern accents

The counties of northern England are not far from the Scottish border, so the influence of Scotch accent is noticeable, though there are of course many features of pronunciation characteristic only of northern English regions. The most typical representative of the s.peech of this area is Newcastle accent. It differs from RP in the following:

In vowels

5. RP [a] is realized as [u]: love [!av] — [hrv];

6. RP final [i] sounds like [t]: city ['sitij — ['sitfc];

7. words like dance, chance which in RP have [a] are pronounced with [at]: [(teens], [tfasns];

[ei], [зо] are either monophthongs, or much narrower diphthongs than the ones in the south of England, or they may even sound as opening diphthongs [le], [ooj: boy [be:], [bie], plate [ple:t], [pliet], boat [bo:t], [boot];

7. words that have "al" in spelling — talk, call, all, are pronounced with [a]: [tak], [kal], [cul];

8. RP words with [з:] are pronounced with [o:] in a broad Tyneside accent: first [fast], shirt [fat]; so first, forced; shirt, short
are homonyms;

9. [ai] is [ei]: right [reit];

10.words which in RP have [аи] may have [u:], e.g. about ['abut].

In consonants

1. [1] is clear in all environments;

2. [h] is usually present in all positions;

3. -ing is [in]: shilling ['jihn];

4. [p, t, k] between vowels are accompanied by glottal stop [2]:pily['pit?i:];

5. in parts of Northumberland and Durham [r] may be uvular (in its production the tongue and the uvular, not the tongue and the alveolar ridge take part).

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