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1. What are the functional units of CPU? 2. What is the function of CU? 3. How does CU operate? 4. What is the function of a counter? 5. What role does a decoder play? 6. What is the sequence of CU operations? 7. What is the function of the arithmetic-logical unit? 8. What operations are performed by ALU? 9. What primary components does ALU consist of? 10. What is the function of an accumulator / comparer?

10. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

Функциональные блоки; устройство управления; арифметико-логическое устройство; управлять работой всей системы; получать команды; основная память; посылать сигналы; считывать команды поэтапно; таким образом; временно сохранять информацию; производить пометки через равные промежутки времени; последовательность операций; регистр памяти; регистр команд; адресный регистр; счетчик; датчик; дешифратор; адрес операнда; адресный регистр, высокоскоростной двоичный сумматор; по крайней мере; вычитание; сложение; умножение; деление; принимать решения; результаты сравнения.

11. Вспомните значение новых слов и попытайтесь перёвести словосочетания, употребляемые с этими словами.

Register address register; base register; clock register; command / instruction register; counter register; CPU register; hardware register; input / output register; memory register; operand register; general-purpose register; special-purpose register.

Counter: binary counter; character counter; data counter; instruction counter; pulse counter; sequence counter; storage counter; software counter; time-out counter.

Selection: color selection; directory selection; drive selection; file selection; function selection; keyboard selection; menu selection; security selection.

Management data management; database management; disk management; error management; information management; memory management; network management; resource management; task management; window management.

12. Найдите в текстах 1и 2 слова, близкие по значению следующим:

Verbs: to work; to control; to receive; to keep; to send; to perform; to demand; to choose; to supply; to pass; to name; to include; to apply; to come back; to found; to explain; to form; to define; to arrange.

Nouns: computer; answer; commands; memory; element; device; information; state; aim; heart; solution; computation.

Adjectives: main; whole; separate; quick; correct; large; main (storage); following; every; following; specific; different; real.

1. Having returned to the accumulator the results of arithmetic operations are transferred to main storage. The results of arithmetic operations are returned to the accumulator, the storage register transfering them to main mamory. The results of arithmetic operations being returned to the accumulator, the storage register transfer them to main memory Being returned to the accumulator the results of arithmetic operations are transferred to main memory.

2. When passing through a conductor free electrons form an electric current. Free electrons passing through a conductor, an electric current is generated. Free electrons pass through a conductor, an electric current being generated. Free electrons passing through a conductor form an electric current.

3 Instructions being obtained, the control unit causes other units to perform the necessary operations. Instructions are obtained the control unit causes other units to perform the operations. Having obtained the instructions the control unit causes other units to perform the operations. Obtaining the instructions the control unit causes other units to perform the operations.

4. The elements having unknown properties cannot be used for experiments. The elements have unknown properties, experiment with these elements being impossible. Having unknown properties the elements cannot be used for experiments. The elements having unknown properties, experiments with them are impossible.

5. When moving in a material charged particles (заряженные частицы) produce magnetic properties (свойства) of this material. Charged particles moving in a material produce magnetic properties. Charged particles moving in a material, magnetic properties of this material are produced. Charged particles move in a material, magnetic properties of the material being produced.

14. Прочтите внимательно текст и составьте к нему план в назывной форме. Прочтите текст еще раз, разверните пункты плана и составьте реферат на английском языке, озаглавьте текст.

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It is known that one of the fundamental parts of the computer is a control unit. This unit controls the computation process automatically, without man’s participation. It sends signals to all other parts of the computer to specify what they must do. First of all, the control unit tells the main memory what data must be transferred to the arithmetic-logical unit and other devices. Then it enables the arithmetic-logical unit to perform the required operation. Finally, it places the obtained results in the main memory.

It is important to note that the control unit operation is determined by an algorithm of a problem solution. The algorithm is a sequence of arithmetic and logical operations. These operations must be performed on the initial data for solving the problem.

Description of an algorithm in a form acceptable by a computer is called a program. A program is a list of sequential computer instructions enabling a computer to solve a problem. In order to be acceptable by the computer instructions must be encoded into a digital form.

In conclusion it should be pointed out that the main feature of a computer is automatic control of the problem solution process. It is based on the programmed-control principle.

Дата добавления: 2015-06-04