К теме № 10: Инфинитивные обороты

К теме № 9: Инфинитив

1. Translate the sentences with Infinitives into Russian:

1. The first step to be taken is to start negotiations.

2. The inflation rate was not high enough to start paying compensations to workers.

3. To ensure a steady economic growth, all the macroeconomic parameters must be involved.

4. My friend was glad to have been given such an interesting assignment.

5. She hoped to be sent to study abroad.

6. The data to be used have been carefully analyzed.

7. To understand Russian culture is impossible without the names of Bulgakov, Platonov and Pasternak.

8. To do it accurately was the main problem.

9. To tell him the truth at the moment meant nearly to kill him.

10. Our plan was to begin the experimental part of the research by the end of the month.

2. Give Russian equivalents of the sentences:

1. To make a choice between these two alternatives is not an easy task. 2. At this stage a new theory was advanced to produce a revolutionary change in our understanding of the process. 3. They admit to have been informed of this possibility before the experiment. 4. The assumption is reasonable enough to be valid. 5. Another factor to be taken into account is the power of modern experimental techniques.

3. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Мне трудно об этом спорить. 2. Им важно подкрепить теорию дополнительными экспериментальными данными. 3. Физикам важно поддерживать контакт с биологами. 4. Ребенку необходимо учиться. 5. Нам часто трудно угадать, каким будет будущее. 6. Естественно, что на такой анализ затрачивается около года. 7. Необходимо чтобы реакция была ускорена. 8. Чтобы две молекулы вступили в реакцию, они должны столкнуться.

1. Translate the sentences with Infinitive Constructions into Russian:

I. A.1.We expect these phenomena to have been investigated.

2. Everybody considers her to be a great organizer.

3. We found that effect to have been unknown.

4. They thought the information to have been published recently.

5. Knowing him to be good at psychology, I asked him to explain this rule.

6. The scientist expected his assistants to obtain some new data.

7. She meant him to do it.

8. They heard him deny it.

9. They announced it to be law.

10. The major Powers expect the talks to take place at the end of the next month.

B. 1. One can expect the scope of research to expand steadily 2. Most people believe the amount of effort in science to be somehow correlated with the standard of living in the country. 3. Nowadays we see many new areas of research come into being as a result" of unexpected breakthroughs. 4. One can watch more and more people move into biology from other areas of research.

II. A. 1. Computers are likely (are certain) to be used in the study of UFO.

2. The system seems to be functioning well.

3. Mankind is sure to have entered the age of automation.

4. Machine languages are known to be low-level languages.

5. She appears to make progress in languages.

6. He is known to study ancient architecture.

7. It seems to be an exception to the rule.

8. The new method of investigation is believed to have produced
good results.

9. Computers are thought to be divided into two groups accord­ing to the jobs they perform.

10. The result is expected to agree with theoretical predictions.

В. 1. Science is known to affect the lives of people. 2. Molecular biology is expected to dominate other sciences. 3. The results of these experiments are found to overlap. 4. The data are assumed to correlate with the present theory. 5. Some people seem to be disappointed in science. 6. He happens to work at the same problem. 7. The work is likely to contribute to the solution of the problem. 8. He is sure to argue about it.

III A. 1. I am anxious for her to pass her exam.

2. He stepped aside for me to pass.

3. The text is too difficult for the students to translate.

4. It was unusual for him to go out in the afternoon.

5. I waited for him to go on.

6. The table was small enough for the conversation to be general.

7. The most important thing for us is to start early.

8. He asked for the papers to be brought.

9. She did not say anything, but made way for us to pass.

10. He was so occupied in his research work that it made difficult for him to be away from home for several weeks at a time.

B. 1. This decision reflects a desire to make it as easy as possible for members of the association and other guests to attend the congress. 2. For such a large research center as this to become heavily involved in a single project in a fashionable field would be more than just a wrong practice, it would be a disaster. 3. The tendency for pure mathematicians to alienate mathematical research from anything that might be somehow associated with the idea of «utilization» is only too obvious. 4. For any scientific gathering to be a success, the organizing committee must be firm on more than one point. 5. There was a prevalent feeling at that time that for the laboratory to revive its past glory no efforts were intensive enough.

2. Render in English:

1. Это по всей вероятности оказывает влияние на все дальнейшие события. 2. Результаты оказались в хорошем соответствии с теорией. 3. Решение этой проблемы, как известно, зависит от многих факторов. 4. Ожидается, что работа будет закончена в этом месяце.

3. A. Learn to distinguish between indefinite and perfect infinitives. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. He is said to have graduated from Oxford University. He is said to avoid all sorts of arguments. 2. They seem to have taken advantage of the favorable conditions. He seems to mention the problem in the last chapter of his book. 3. He appeared to have lost interest in physics altogether. The story may appear to be oversimplified. 4. He is known to have established a school of his own. This scientist is known to be keeping in touch with the latest developments in his field of research.

B. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. He does not appear to be concerned with the problem. 2. He was not expected to spoil the sample. 3. The human body is not likely to tolerate such temperature. 4. He is not believed to represent the majority. 5. The idea does not seem to be remarkably advanced. 6. The discussion is not claimed to cover the whole range of present day research.

4. Give Russian equivalents of the sentences:

1. For scientific development to be of benefit for man, scientists must occupy themselves with problems that have direct bearing on our lives. 2. Molecular biologists are known to borrow their techniques from other sciences, mainly from physics. 3. How the application of his discovery will affect man is sometimes rather hard for the scientist to foresee. 4. The author devoted a special chapter of his book to what may be expected to dominate the science scene in the near future. 5. The method of inductive reasoning known to be established by Bacon leads from observation to general laws. 6. His idea was fruitful enough for others to take it up and develop it further. 7. For an original idea to be a product of one man's genius is quite natural. But for an idea to be transformed into a product, many people's effort is required. 8. Some people say that biology rather than physics is likely to be the central ground of the scientific advance during the remainder of our century. 9. There appear no reasons for anybody to object to this style of research.

5. Translate the following into English:

1. Большинство ученых ожидает, что в ближайшие годы молекулярная биология сделает новые успехи. 2. Мы не смогли заставить его согласиться на изменение условий эксперимента. 3. Ваш руководитель хочет, чтобы вы сосредоточили свое внимание на одной задаче. 4. Я не ожидаю, что он извлечет из этого урок. 5. Он всегда берется первым за такие проблемы. 6. Желательно, чтобы эти изменения были проверены до начала новой серии опытов.

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