Work and Experiments

When Faraday returned to London he resumed his work and experiments. He helped Davy in his research and started to write articles for a scientific magazine. For five more years, he studied electricity and various sciences, and then he himself began to teach.

Faraday's scientific interests were varied. He made a new kind of steel and a new kind of glass. He studied flying. He did many kinds of work, and he did most of it alone.

He was of those people who liked to do everything themselves.

Faraday had not much time for pleasure. He drew and sang, and he took his wife to the river sometimes. But he often worked fourteen hours a day. He began to get work from other people who had heard of his cleverness as a scientist. Men who wanted to know the answers to scientific questions asked him to make experiments to find out the truth.

Because of this work he could not do his own research in electricity. Time was his enemy, as it is the enemy of many hard-working men. He always had something to do for other people, and his own research progressed slowly. However, when he found that such work took too much of his time, he decided to give all his attention to scientific research.

During his life time, Faraday made more than two thousand difficult experiments and madecountless valuable discoveries in chemistry and physics. What we are most interested in here is just one discovery of his - the generation of electricity from magnetism.

It was known at that time that an electric current could magnetize iron. Ampere had shown that if a piece of iron was placed inside a coil and a current was passed along the wire, the iron became a magnet. Faraday was wondering whether a magnet could in some way be made to give an electric current.

Other scientists in other parts of the world were working on the same problem, but no one had yet been able to make an electric current by using a magnet. Today almost all the electricity that we use is generated by great machines which have magnets in them, but in those days no one knew how to do this. In Russia, France, and Germany scientists were making experiments, but they all failed.

Faraday felt sure that a current could be produced in this way, but he was at first totally unable to generate an electric current with his magnets as well. He placed wires near magnets in different ways. He made coils of wire and put them round magnets. He arranged the wires and magnets in every possible way and did not stop trying to get an electric current.

At last he got a bright idea: he would move the magnet near wire. And then he got what he wanted: an electric current in the wire! He was already forty years old at the time, but his age did not stop him from dancing with delight on a table.

Завдання до тексту:

1. У першому абзаці тексту знайдіть прикметники та утворіть ступені порівняння від них.

2. У четвертому абзаці тексту знайдіть конструкцію ‘the…the’ та перекладіть її рідною мовою.

3. Поставте 5 запитань до тексту

Topic

BIOGRAPHY

I am Igor Alexandrovich Vlasenko. I was born on the 28^th of April 1980 in Kharkiv. In 1990 I went to school No 164 in Kharkiv. In 1996 I changed school No 164 into gymnasium No 46. In 2000 I finished gymnasium No 46. From August 2000 till September 2001 I worked at Kharkiv Turbine Plant. From October 2001 – till present I work at a joint-Stock Company. In 2002 I entered National Technical University (Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute) at the extra-mural department.

I am single.

My mother is Vlasenko Elena Vladimirovna, she is 42, she is a housewife.

My father is Vlasenko Alexander Nikolayevich, he is 45, he is a driver.

My sister is Vlasenko Vera Alexandrovna, she is 15, she is a pupil of school No 164.

My address is Ukraine, Kharkiv, Poltavsky Shlyah Street No 45, Flat No 30.

My phone is 7-7-2-2-7-11.

UNIT 3

Grammar – Займенники

Зворот “there is (are)”

Reading material

Texts:

1.Higher and Higher!

2.How sounds are produced

3.Computer Technology for all

4. The Birmingham University,

Mechanical Engineering Department

Topic - Our University

Exercises to be done in writing

Exercise 1. Put ‘some’, ‘any’ or ‘no’

1. There are … pictures in the book. 2. Are there … new students in your group? 3. There are … old houses in our street. 4. Are there … English text-books on the desks? – Yes, there are …. 5. Are there … maps on the walls? – No, there are …. 6. Are there … pens on the desk? – Yes, there is …. 8. Are there … sweets in your bag? – Yes, there are …. 9. Have you got … English books at home? – Yes, I have …. 10. There are … beautiful pictures in the magazine. Look at them. 11. There is … ink in my pen: I cannot write. 12. Is there … paper on your table? 13. I haven’t got … exercise-books. Give me …, please. 14. It is winter. There are … leaves on the trees.

Exercise 2. Put ‘some’, ‘any’ or ‘no’. Translate the sentences

1. There are … schools in this street. 2. Are there … pictures in your book? 3. There are … flowers here in winter. 4. I can see children in the yard. They are playing. 5. Are there … new buildings in your street? 6. There are … people in the park because it is cold. 7. I saw … boys in the garden, but Mike was not among them. 8. They brought … good books from the library. 9. Give me … tea, please, I am thirsty. 10. Dinner was not yet today, so she gave the children … bread and butter because they were hungry. 11. Do you want … milk in your coffee? 12. Have you got … time to spare? I’d like to ask you … questions. 13. Is there … cheese on the plate? 14. There is … ham on the plate. 15. There is … tea in the cup: the cup is empty.

Exercise 3. Put ‘somewhere’, ‘anywhere’ or ‘nowhere’

1. I haven’t seen him …. 2. I know the place is … about here, but exactly where, I don’t know. 3. Did you go … yesterday? – No, I went …, I stayed at home the whole day.

Exercise 4. Put ‘some’, ‘any’ ‘no’, ‘every’ or their derivatives

1. Can I have … milk? – Yes, you can have …. 2. Will you have … tea? 3. Give me … books, please. I have … to read at home. 4. Put … sugar in her tea: she does not like sweet tea. 5. Is … the matter with you? Has … offended you? I see by your face that … has happened. 6. We did not see … in the hall. 7. … was present at the lesson yesterday. 8. He is busy. He has … time to go to the cinema with us. 9. Do you need … books to prepare for your report? 10. Have you … questions? Ask me … you like, I shall try to answer … question. 11. … liked that play: it was very dull. 12. If … is ready, we shall begin our experiment.

Exercise 5. Put ‘some’, ‘any’ ‘no’, ‘every’ or their derivatives

Can … see? No, … people can’t see. … people are blind. Blind people can’t see. They can’t see …; they can see ….

Can … hear?? No, … people can’t hear. … people are deaf. Deaf people can’t hear. They can’t hear …; they can hear ….

Can we see …? No, we can’t see …. We cannot see the air. … can see the air.

We can’t walk without legs and feet. People without legs and feet can’t walk. They can’t walk …. They can walk ….

Can you see … in an empty box? No, I can’t see … in an empty box. I can see … in an empty box. Why not? Because there is … in an empty box. There isn’t … in an empty box. What is an empty box? An empty box is a box that has … in it. An empty box is a box without … in it. An empty room is a room without … in it.

Exercise 6. Put ‘some’, ‘any’ ‘no’ or their derivatives

1. Have you … relations? – No, I haven’t …, I have … relations. 2. Has she … nephews or nieces? – She has … nephews. 3. She has … sisters, she has only brothers. 4. Do you know … about Chinese art? 5. They have … cousins in Minsk. 6. Have you … brothers? – No, I haven’t …, I have … brothers. 7. I have … good friends. 8. We did not know … about his problems: he told us …. 9. Have you got … interesting books? 10. Have you … friends in America? 11. He has … English books in this bookcase. 12. Did you meet … on your way to school? 13. Have you got … pencils in your bag? 14. Do we have … chalk on the blackboard? 15. How could I know that he was ill? … told me …. 16. She has … mistakes in her test.

Дата добавления: 2015-08-31