Questions

LONDON

Names

the Bank of England – Английский банк the Stock Exchange [ˈstɔk iksˊtʃeindʒ] – Лондонская фондовая биржа the Old Bailey [ˏould ˊbeili] – Центральный уголовный суд, находящийся в Олд-Бейли St. Paul’s Cathedral [sənt ‘pɔ:lz kəˊƟi:drəl] – собор св. Павла (главный собор англиканской церкви) Sir Christopher Wren [ˊsə: ˊkristəfə ˊren] – Кристофер Рен the Tower [ˊtauə] of London –Лондонский Тауэр Julius Caesar[ˊdʒu:liəs ˊsi:zə] – Юлий Цезарь William the Conqueror[ˊwiljəm ðə ˊkɔŋkərə] – Вильгельм Завоеватель, Вильгельм I (первый король из норманнов в Англии) Westminster Abbey[ˊwestminstər ˊæbi] – Вестминстерское аббатство Newton[ˊnju:tn] – Ньютон Darwin [ˊda:win] – Дарвин Chaucer [ˊtʃɔ:sə] – Чосер Dickens [ˊdikinz] – Диккенс

Tennyson [ˊtenisn] – Теннисон Kipling [ˊkipliŋ] – Киплинг Westminster Palace [ˊwestminstər ˊpælis] (the Houses of Parliament) – Вестминстерский дворец (здание английского парламента) Big Ben – “Биг Бен”, “Большой Бен” (колокол часов-курантов на здании парламента, бой которых передается ежедневно по радио как сигнал точного времени) Buckingham Palace [bʌkiŋəm ˊpælis] – Букингемский дворец (главная королевская резиденция в Лондоне) Trafalgar Square [trəˊfælgə ˊskwɛə] – Трафальгарская площадь Nelson’s Column [ˊnelsnz ˊkɔləm] – Колонна Нельсона (памятник адмиралу Нельсону) the National Gallery [ˊnæʃənl ˊgæləri] – Национальная галерея (крупнейшее в Великобритании собрание картин) the National Portrait [ˊpɔ:trit] Gallery – Национальная портретная галерея the British Museum – Британский музей (один из крупнейших в мире)

I. Read the text 'London’. Answer the questions after it.

London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and commercial centre. It is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe. Its popula­tion is about 8 million.

London is one of the oldest and most interesting cities in the world.

Traditionally it is divided into several parts: the City, Westminster, the West End and the East End. They are very different from each other and seem to belong to different towns and epochs.

The heart of London is the City, its financial and business centre. Numerous banks, offices and firms are situated there, including the Bank of England, the Stock Exchange and the Old Bailey. Few people live here, but over a million people come to the City to work. There are some famous ancient buildings within the City. Perhaps the most striking of them is St. Paul's Cathedral, the greatest of English churches. It was built in the 17th century by Sir Christopher Wren. The Tower of London was founded by Julius Caesar and in 1066 rebuilt by William the Conqueror. It was used as a fortress, a royal palace and a prison. Now it is a museum.

Westminster is the historic, the governmental part of London.

Westminster Abbey has more historic associations than any other building in Britain. Nearly all English kings and queens have been crowned here. Many outstanding states­men, scientists, writers, poets and painters are buried here: Newton, Darwin, Chaucer, Dickens, Tennyson, Kipling, etc.

Across the road from Westminster Abbey is Westminster Palace, or the Houses of Parliament, the seat of the British Parliament. The Clock Tower of the Houses of Parlia­ment is famous for its big hour bell, known as "Big Ben".

Buckingham Palace is the official residence of the Queen.

The West End is the richest and most beautiful part of London. It is the symbol of wealth and luxury. The best hotels, shops, restaurants, clubs, and theatres are situated there. There are splendid houses and lovely gardens belonging to wealthy people.

Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London. It was named in memory of Admiral Nelson's victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The tall Nelson's Column stands in the middle of the square.

On the north side of Trafalgar Square is the National Gallery and the National Por­trait Gallery. Not far away is the British Museum — the biggest museum in London. It contains a priceless collection of ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures, etc, and is famous for its library.

The East End is the poorest district of London. There are a lot of factories, workshops and docks here. The streets are narrow, the buildings are unimpressive. The East End is densely populated by working class families.

1. Is London the largest city in the world?

2. What’s the population of London?

3. Traditionally London is divided into several parts. Can you name them?

4. What do you know about the City?

5. Who was St Paul’s Cathedral built by?

6. Who founded the Tower of London? When was it rebuilt?

7. What is the historic, the governmental part of London?

8. What building has more historic associations than any other building in London?

9. What is Big Ben?

10. Can you describe Trafalgar Square?

11. Where do the working people of London live?

12. What are the most famous London museums and art galleries?

II. Match the two halves

1. London 2. The Bank of England 3. The City 4. St. Paul’s Cathedral 5. The West End 6. Westminster Palace 7. Trafalgar Square 8. Buckingham Palace 9. The Tower of London 10. Westminster Abbey

a) is the official residence of the Queen. b) is the geographical centre of London. c) was founded by Julius Caesar. d) is across the road from Westminster Abbey. e) is one of the most famous ancient buildings within the City. f) is the place where most English kings and queens have been crowned. g) is situated in the heart of London, in its financial and business centre. h) is the symbol of wealth and luxury and the most beautiful part of London. i) is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and commercial centre. j) is the oldest part of London where few people live but over a million people come to work here.

III. Decide if the following is true (T) or false (F). Correct the false statements.

1. The Tower of London is the place where nearly all English kings and queens have been crowned.

2. Westminster is the financial and business centre of London.

3. St. Paul’s Cathedral is situated in the West End.

4. The Tower of London was founded by William the Conqueror.

5. Westminster Palace is the seat of the British Parliament.

6. The National Gallery is the biggest museum of London and contains a priceless collection of ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures and is famous for its library.

7. A lot of factories, workshops and docks are situated in the East End.

8. The big hour bell of the Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament is known as “Big Ben”.

9. Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of the City.

10. There are some famous ancient buildings within the City, the Tower of London is among them.

IV. Name the main sights of London and say what you know about them.

V. Read the text ‘The Capital of Great Britain’. The vocabulary will help you understand the text.

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