Occupations, Professions, Trades.

Exercises

І. Listen and repeat

bag silly come north

ham wish some south

pan bill done youth

glad pill won truth

ІІ. Read and remember the proverbs:

1. No pains no gains.

2. A good name is better than riches.

3. A good name is sooner lost than won.

4. Business before pleasure.

5. Early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.

ІІІ. Match each sentence or word in the left-hand column with the best meaning in the right-hand column. Place the letter of the best definition in the space provided.

______ 1) accountant a) a person who practices law, especially a

barrister or solicitor.

_______ 2) surgeon b) a worker who makes and repairs,

especially the wooden parts of buildings

and other structures of wood.

_______ 3) lawyer c) a person whose profession is to keep and

examine business accounts.

_______ 4) journalist d) a person who designs and supervises the

construction of the buildings.

_______ 5) carpenter e) a doctor who performs operations.

_______ 6) barber f) a person engaged in journalism (work of

writing for editing or publishing journals).

_______ 7) architect g) a person who cares for ill or injured.

_______ 8) nurse h) a employee in an office, who deals with

correspondence, keeps records, makes.

arrangements and appointments for a

particular member of the staff.

_______ 9) turner i) a person whose trade is shaving and

cutting — men's hair.

_______ 10) secretary j) a workman who builds with bricks.

_______ 11) bricklayer k) a person who works a lathe.

_______ 12) engineer l) a person who writes lectures on economics

or political economy.

_______ 13) economist m) an artist who sculptures.

_______ 14) sculptor n) a person who works in a branch of

engineering; a person who designs

engines, machines, bridges, railways; a

skilled or trained person who controls

communications.

ІV. Read the following descriptions and guess which jobs are described.

Vocabulary:

to cross the border – перетинати кордон

Illegally – незаконно

advertising, ads –реклама, оголошення

to draw up – складати

to fit somebody – підходити (за розміром)

to leave tips – залишати чайові

to get tips – отримувати чайові

best paid – найбільш оплачувана

the least pleasant – менш приваблива

to require – вимагати

to demand – висувати вимоги

to deal with people – мати справу з людьми

opportunity – можливість

challenge – виклик, складна задача

imagination – уява

a) They help people who need legal advice. Sometimes they have to go to court.

b) They work in the fields growing crops and breed animals such as cows, sheep, pigs, and geese.

c) They treat animals that are sick.

d) These people take your order and serve you in restaurants. If the service is good it is customary to leave tips for them.

e) These people may ask to look inside your case when you cross the border. They look for drugs or object which people try to bring into the country illegally.

f) They are usually very attractive people and their job is to appear in photographs advertising new clothes and beauty products.

g) These people design new buildings. They have to draw up clear plans so that the builders know exactly what to do.

h) If you want a new suit or dress specially made to fit you, you need their service.

V. Name at least 3 jobs for each item of the list below. Give reasons to explain your choice in written form.

1) are the best paid in your country

2) need a lot of training

3) you find the least pleasant

4) require wearing special clothes

5) demand the fastest actions

6) involve dealing with people’s problems

7) you find most boring

8) give an opportunity to travel

9) require the knowledge of a foreign language

10) often give a chance to get tips

11) involve a lot of stress

12) can be a challenge for you

13) require lost of imagination

14) can negatively affect family life

VI. Here are fifteen things people take into account when choosing a job. Working in groups of three, choose ten points that you think are important, then rank them starting with the most important one. You will have to compromise if you cannot agree entirely.

Use the following expressions.

I think we must choose… and leave out…

To my mind Number 1 in choosing a job is …

I can’t agree that… is important.

We should put … before… Or… must come after…

The most important thing about a job is:

the salary; learning new skills;

the interest to work; being close to where you live;

flexi-time schedule; feeling you are helping other people;

the people you work with; facing new challenges;

the chances of promotion; social status;

the work environment (clean, well-lit, etc.) security;

the opportunity to travel;

the perks(company car, cheap meals, etc.).

the opportunity to make decisions;

VII. When you have finished, compare your choices with another group. Were they different? Can you add anything else(not mentioned above) that you think is very important when choosing a job? Make use of the given phrases.

Frankly speaking …

It’s difficult for me to say whether I …

If I chose between … and … I would rather …

I think I would …

I wouldn’t mind …

I share the opinion that …

In my opinion I am/would/could …

VIII. Read the dialogue. What do you think about the Linda ’ s plans for the future? What are your plans?

Teacher: What do you plan to do after you leave school, Linda?

Linda: I’m getting married. It’s all arranged.

T: Aren’t you a bit young to do that?

L: I don’t think so. I’ll be 17 soon. Besides, Marty (that’s my boyfriend) and I plan to have a lot of children. We intend to have at least five! So we want to start as soon as possible.

T: And has Marty got a good job?

L: No, but he hopes to get one soon. He’s leaving school this summer, too.

T: Well, I hope you’ll have enough money for your big family.

L: Oh, I never worry about that. I’m sure Marty will earn enough. He’s very clever.

X. Read the text and answer the questions.

Vocabulary:

an occupation – заняття, фах

to fill in - заповнювати

an official – службовець, офіційна особа

an official form - офіційний бланк

a skilled worker – кваліфікований робітник

a semi-skilled worker – напівкваліфікований робітник

an unskilled manual worker- некваліфікований робітник фізичної праці

a trade – професія, заняття, ремесло

a job – робота, служба, посада

on the one hand – з одного боку

on the other hand – з іншого боку

considerable - значний

mental skills – розумові (інтелектуальні) здібності

What do you do for a living? – Як ви заробляєте на життя?

An occupation is an activity of any kind for which a person has the necessary qualification and training. If you have to fill in an official form in Britain you will usually find the reading "Occupation", and if you are interviewed by an official he may ask you: "What's you occupation?" If he already has a general idea of the kind of work you do-whether you are a professional worker, a technician, a skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled manual worker - he may ask more specifically. "What's your profession?". "What's your trade?" or "What's your job?" In ordinary everyday conversation, a person who wants to know someone's occupation will simply ask: "What's your job?", "What do you do for a living?", "What's Mr. Jones?", "What does Steve do?"

There are three main groups of occupations: professions, trades, and jobs.

Traditionally, profession is an occupation which requires mainly intellectual work and a long period of higher education at a university or an academy. Thus, we speak of the medical profession, the teaching profession, the profession of an engineer and so on.

A trade is an occupation which demands a high Level of manual skill and a certain period of practical and theoretical training. Mechanics, electricians, fitters, turners, tailors, weavers, hairdressers, etc. have learned a trade.

Many occupations are neither trades nor professions. We often call these occupations "jobs". In this sense, the term job includes both unskilled and semi­skilled manual occupations on the one hand and occupations which require considerable knowledge and mental skills on the other hand. The dividing lines between trades, jobs and professions are by no means always clear.

Answer the questions.

1. What’s an occupation?

2. What do people say in ordinary conversation if they want to know someone’s occupation?

3. What’s a profession?

4. What’s a trade?

5. What examples of trades are given in the text?

6. What sorts of occupations does the term “job” include?

IX. There are a number of terms and abbreviations that you need to know before you can make sense of want ads. Look through some abbreviations.

aft. — afternoon ins. —insurance

agcy. —agency lie. —license

avail. —available mfg. —manufacturing

beg. —beginning min. —minimum

bene. —benefits pd. —paid

des. —desired pos. —position

ed. —education pref. —preferred

eve. —evenings p/t — part-time

exc. —excellent req. required

f/t -full-time sal. salary

grad. —graduate trng. training

incl. —including/
included 20K - $20,000 per year

Try to translate or to guess the examples of some ads.

DRIVER Lie. req. Must work aft. & eve. Sal. and tips. Ins. and other bene, provided. 757-0853.

SECRETARY Pos. avail for high school grad. With exp. sal. 20K incl pd. vacation and ed. bene. Must wk. f/t and some eve. 569-7588.

P/T CLERK Mfg. co. will provide trng.

Beg. min. wage. Exp. pref. Hrs. 2—6 aft. 477-3745.

X. These ads are from original foreign newspaper try to guess the meaning of them.

A CLERK Gen. oft duties and pro trng.

Must have good grammar skills and type 50 WPM.

Apply in person 9—4 P.M. 20 E. Main St.

B CLERK. 10-key touch, math aptitude a must. Typ. req. Apply by mail Box 45867, Chicago 60647.

C CLERK. No exp. nee. Will train. 40-hr. wk. Mon—Fri 8 to 4. Many bene. inc. health ins. Call Mr. Merton, 555-1921.

Questions for self- checking.

Which job requires the ability to type 50 words per minute?

Which job requires applying in person?

Which job requires applying by phone?

Which job requires applying by letter?

Which job requires proofreading?

Which job requires being good at math?

Which ad describes benefits you will receive?

To what address would you send your letter applying for the job described in ad B?

How would you apply for the job in ad C?

XI. Read this help-wanted ad. Decide which of the three people is best qualified to do the job. Give reasons for your decisions.

ASST. CARPENTER'S HELPER. No exp. nee. Must have knowledge of tool and talent for this kind of work. Perm. pos. Opp. for advancement to good worker. Must have driver's lie. Apply in person. Ace Company, 115 Orange Street.

1) Bob enjoys working with his hands. He knows how to use most tools and fixes all the small appliances in his home. He lives on a bus line that goes right by Ace Company. It will take him about 30 minutes to get there. He can work any hours and can drive. He has a license.

2) Maggie went to a vocational school and majored in carpentry. She is skilled in using most of the tools used by a carpenter. She has a car and can drive to Ace Company in about 35 minutes. If she has to take the bus, it will take her an hour. She can work any hours the company wants.

3) Jud needs a job badly. He can use simple tools. He really likes meeting people and working with them. He has a car and a license and can get to the Ace Company in about 15 minutes. He is not sure he will like this job, but he needs money.

XII. Speak about your future profession using the plan:

Talk about a Profession

1.What profession are you going to talk (write) about? Explain your choice.

2.What do you know from the history of this profession? (ancient,... goes back to..., quite new...).

3.What must one consider when choosing this profession? or What do you think are the most important factors that must be taken into consideration, when choosing this profession?

4.Must a person be physically strong to take up this profession?

5.What education is required to become a specialist in this profession?

6.Is this profession connected directly with people?

7.What opportunities are open for people of the profession?

8.In what way is this profession necessary and useful? Why does it attract people? What makes it popular?

9.Does this profession run in the family? Do you know any people involved in this profession? Can they serve as an example for those who are going to take it up?

10.Are you suited for this profession? Why?

These questions will help you.

· Have you already chosen your future profession? What do your parents and friends think about it? Why do they think so?

· Can you say that your choice of your future profession was influenced by the subjects at school that you study/studied? By the teachers who teach/taught you?

· How many jobs and professions have you changed in dreams since you were a child?

· Could you say that your parents' occupation may influence your choice of a future profession? Yes/No. How?

· What professions in your opinion are considered to be more or less prestigious nowadays? Why?

· What knowledge and skills in your opinion are necessary for any job or profession?

· Do you believe that people are born for this or that profession? Yes/No. Give examples.

XIII. Choose one of the quotations as a topic for your essay.

1. A good name keeps its luster in the dark.

2. A good name is better than riches.

3. A good name is sooner lost than won.

4. Do you love life? Then do not squander time, for that is the stuff life is made of.

5. A long life may not be good enough but a good life is long enough. I would rather have it said, “He lived useful” than “He died rich”… (Benjamin Franklin)

Texts for Supplementary Reading

Дата добавления: 2017-02-01