Form of the state territorial system

There are 2 types of the state territorial system׃ unitary (simple) and complicated.

Unitary (simple) state is the state, territory of which is divided on administrative territorial units (regions, provinces etc.), which do not have own sovereignty and all attributes of the sovereign state.

The unitary state is characterized by political unity, the single system of bodies of state power (legislative, executive and judicial power) in the whole territory of the state, the single citizenship, absence of the political independence of parties of the state, single constitution, single legal and financial system.

For example: Ukraine, Belarus, France, Poland, Cuba, Hungary, Czech Republic, Sweden etc.

This type of the state territorial system is the most popular nowadays. But such countries as Ukraine, Portugal has autonomous republics. It does not mean that such states are complicated, they are unitary (simple) with attributes of a federation. For example: the territory of Ukraine consists of 24 regions and Crimean Autonomous Republic. The Crimean Autonomous Republic is the part of Ukraine because of historical reasons and has no enough authority (especially economic) to be independent sovereign state.

There are 3 types of complicated forms of the state territorial system:

1) Federation is the allied state, which consists of the states, which have juridical and political independence.

There are such subjects of the federation as states, lands etc. The federation is characterized by 2 levels of apparatus of the state, which consists of bodies of legislative, executive and judicial state power of the federation and subjects of federation; 2 levels of the legal system of the state, 2 citizenships etc.

But all subjects of federation coordinate their actions with bodies of state power of the federation. The priority belongs to the federal legal documents (constitution).

For example: the United States of America, India, Russian Federation etc.

2) Confederation is the voluntary association of sovereign independent states for the general decision of concrete political and military tasks.

The confederation is characterized by political, juridical and territorial independence and sovereignty of the subjects of confederation, every of the states has real right to leave the confederation, absence of the single territory, absence of the single citizenship, absence of the single system of bodies of state power (legislative, executive and judicial power), absence of the single legal and financial system. The confederation is not for a long term, it becomes the federations or stops its own existence.

For example, Switzerland.

3) Empire is the state, which consists of the main state – metropolis and colonies, which were conquered by it.

For example, Roman, Russian empire.

Дата добавления: 2014-01-04