Contents

Introduction.. 1

1. Lexicology as a branch of linquistics. 1

2. Kinds of lexicology.. 1

3. Links of Lexicology with other branches of Linguistics. 3

Lecture 1. Word-meaning.. 5

1.1. semantics as a branch of Lexicology studing meanihg.. 5

1.2. Approaches to the study of meaning.. 5

1.2.1. Referential approach to meaning. 5

1.2.2. Functional approach to meaning. 6

1.3. Types of word-meaning.. 7

1.3.1. Grammatical meaning. 7

1.3.2. Lexical meaning. 7

1.3.3. Part-of-speech meaning. 8

1.3.4 Denotative, significative and connotative meanings. 9

1.3.5. Connotative meaning. 9

1.3.6. Emotive charge and sociostylistic reference of words. 10

1.3.7. Pragmatic meaning. 11

1.4. Types of morpheme-meaning.. 11

1.4.1. Lexical meaning of morphemes. 11

1.4.2. Functional or part-of-speech meaning of morphemes. 12

1.4.3. Differential meaning of morphemes. 12

1.4.4. Distributional meaning of morphemes. 12

1.5. Word-meaning and motivation.. 12

1.5.1. Definition of motivation. 12

1.5.2. Types of motivation. 12

1.5.2.1. Phonetic motivation of words. 12

1.5.2.2. Morphological motivation of words. 13

1.5.2.3. Semantic motivation of words. 13

Lecture 2. Change of Meaning.. 14

2.1. Causes of semantic change. 14

2.1.1. Extralinguistic causes of semantic change. 14

2.1.2. Linguistic causes of semantic change. 15

2.2. Nature, results and types of semantic change. 15

2.2.1. Similarity of meanings or metaphor. 16

2.2.2. Contiguity of meanings or metonymy. 17

2.2.3. Types of semantic change without the transfer of name. 18

2.2.3.1. Specialization and generalization of meanings. 18

2.2.3.2. Amelioration and pejoration of meaning. 19

2.2.3.3. Hyperbole, litotes, irony, euphemism, disphemism, taboo. 19

Lecture 3. Polysemy.. 21

3.1. The notion of polysemy.. 21

3.2. Approaches to polysemy.. 21

3.2.1. Diachronic approach to polysemy. 21

3.2.2. Synchronic approach to polysemy. 22

Lecture 4. Homonymy.. 23

4.1. Definition of homonymy.. 23

4.2. Homonymy of words and homonymy of word-forms. 23

4.3. Classification of homonyms. 23

4.3.1. Full and partial homonymy. 23

4.3.2. Classification of homonyms by the type of meaning. 23

4.3.3. Classification of homonyms by the sound-form, graphic form and meaning. 24

4.4. Sources of homonymy.. 24

4.4.1. diverging meaning development 24

4.4.2. Converging sound development 24

4.5. Differentiation of polysemy and homonymy.. 25

Lecture 5. Word-meaning in syntagmatics and paradigmatics. 26

5.1. Definition of syntagmatics and paradigmatics. 26

5.2. Conceptual or semantic fields. 26

5.3. Hyponimic (or hierarchical) structures and lexico-semantic groups. 27

5.4. Synonymy and antonymy.. 28

Lecture 6. Word-structure.. 30

6.1. Segmentation of words into morphemes. 30

6.2. Classification of morphemes. 31

6.3. Procedure of morphemic analysis. 31

6.4. Morphemic types of words. 32

6.5. Derivative structure of words. 32

Lecture 7. Word-formation.. 33

7.1. Definition and types. 33

7.2. Affixation.. 33

7.2.1. Prefixation. 33

7.2.2. Suffixation.. 33

7.3. Composition or compounding. 33

7.4. Conversion. 34

7.5. Shortening and abbreviation. 34

7.5.1. Shortening or contraction. 34

7.5.2. Abbreviation. 35

7.6. Back-formation or reversion. 35

8. Word-groups and phraseological units. 35

8.1. Lexical and grammatical valency. 35

8.2. Definition of phraseological units. 36

8.3. Classification of phraseological units. 36

Literature.. 36

Дата добавления: 2014-01-06