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The idea to get energy from sunlight, wind, rain, geothermal wa­ter or ocean tides has migrated from laboratories into every house, especially in the countries faced with multiple energy-related chal­lenges of today. To assess the benefits of alternative sources of ener­gy it is necessary to know what they are alternative to.

About 17% of the world's electricity is generated at nuclear power stations, the percentage varying from country to country. After some accidents a lot of people strongly oppose nuclear energy use because of its colossal devastating potential out of control.

Any nuclear power plant generates electricity through the fission followed by a release of huge amount of heat, actually generated by a particular quantity of nuclear fuel, which is million times larger than the heat generated by burning the same amount of coal or oil. It is the water steam which makes turbines spin and generate electricity. The final step is identical at all power plants. The only difference is fuel to be used: coal, oil, or something else.

The obvious benefit of nuclear energy is the low cost of produced electricity. Statistics says the average production cost is 1.87% per kWh*.

The advocates of nuclear energy reiterate there is no harmful gases emission causing greenhouse effect. Hence, nuclear energy is much cleaner and eco-friendlier than coal, oil, or gas.

That the nuclear stations are extremely complicated systems and require a huge amount of money is one of disadvantages. Another highly debatable issue is long-term programs for storage or reprocess­ing. Nobody wants to accumulate radioactive wastes. Since the ma­jority of available storage areas are almost filled, the question where to store dangerous wastes is urgent

Despite the fact that nuclear power is the most economically feasi­ble, people still have to work hard to make it really safe. However, it

there is a chance to find alternative sources of energy with lesser | risks, it is our duty to find and use them wherever it is possible.

*kW is a written abbreviation of kilowatt; kWh stands for kilowatt hour. (1 750 п.зн.)

1. Greenhouse (A) is the process of splitting an atom to produce effect large amounts of energy.

2. Fission (B) is an amount of gas or other substances that a

machine or factory produces and sends into the air.

3. Energy (C) is the gradual warming of the air surrounding

the Earth as a result of heat being trapped by pollu­tion.

4. To be alter- (D) is the amount of something that a factory, com- native pany, machine etc. can produce or deal with.

5. Emission (E) is a substance such as coal, gas or oil that can be

burnt to produce heat of energy.

6. Capacity (F) is the power that is used to provide heat, drive

machines etc.

7. Fuel (G) is a layer of a mineral, metal, coal etc. that is

left in soil or rocks through a natural process.

8. Deposit (H) is the act of keeping or putting something in a

special place while it is not being used.

9. Reprocess (I) is a gas, especially carbon dioxide or methane

that is thought to trap heat above the Earth and cause the greenhouse effect.

10. Storage (G) is something that can be used instead of another

one.

11. GHG (K) is to treat a waste substance so that it can be

used again.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-29