Text 2. Crime Investigation

VIII. Retell the text.

VII. Give a short summary of the text in English.

Essential vocabulary

adept	знавець, експерт
bullet	куля
cartridge	набій, патрон, заряд
DNA profiling/ DNA fingerprinting	експертиза ДНК
evidence	доказ; показання свідка (обвинуваченого)
fingerprint	(дактилоскопічний) відбиток пальця
firearm	вогнепальна зброя
forensic	судовий
infallible	безпомилковий
justice	законність, обґрунтованість; юстиція, правосуддя
law enforcement	правоохоронний
offense	правопорушення, злочин
ridge pattern	папілярний узор
shoot	стріляти
specimen	зразок, екземпляр
suspect	підозрюваний, підозріла особа
tissue	біол. тканина

Forensic science and scientific expertise serve the administration of justice by providing scientific support in the investigation of crime and providing evidence to the courts. Scientific expertise is available on a case-by-case basis to different law enforcement agencies. It is very important during investigation of many crimes, particularly fires where arson is suspected, cases involving DNA profiling and offences involving the use of firearms.

The scientists have a wide range of experience in fire-scene examination, incl. fatal fires in domestic premises, large industrial fires and vehicle fires.

DNA profiling is a revolutionary scientific testing process, which can positively identify an individual from a specimen of blood, hair roots, tissue, etc. Its application to crime specimens represents the greatest advance in forensic science in decades. The vast potential of DNA profiling is recognized by the police and the legal profession, and its use in criminal investigation has increased.

Forensic science experts provide advice on firearms and related matters and assistance in the investigation of shooting incidents. When presented with a suspect weapon, the expert is able to establish whether or not it was the weapon used in a crime. Experts are particularly adept in the microscopic examination of spent bullets and cartridge cases.

The expert also use fingerprints, method of identification using the impression made by the ridge patterns found on the fingertips. No two persons have exactly the same arrangement of ridge patterns, and the patterns of any one individual remain unchanged through life. Fingerprints may be classified and filed on the basis of the ridge patterns, setting up an identification system that is almost infallible.

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