The lexico-grammatical meaning is

III. Referential (mentalistic) approach to word-meaning study.

II. Functional approach (contextual analysis, semantic syntax, etc.)

I. Structural approach

Lexical meaning is the realization of concept or emotion by means of a definite lg system (concepts are bound by signs).

Linguistics without meaning is meaningless.

Diachronically: studies the change in meaning the words undergo.

Synchronically: study of semantic structures typical of the lg. studied, of its general semantic system.

The Semantic Structure of English Word:

Pragmatic functions of the lg.:

· communicative,

· emotive,

· evaluative,

· phatic,

· aesthetic

are accounted in semaciology:

They show:

· the attitude of the speaker to the thing spoken of,

· to the interlocutor

· to the situation in which the act of communication takes place.

The complexity of the word meaning:

1. Combines lexical and grammatical meanings: mother,n; to live,v;

2. Combines denotative and connotative meaning: father::daddy;

3. Denotational meaning consists of semantic components or semes: father ’male parent’, ‘an ancestor’, ‘a founder or leader’, ‘a priest’.

The grammatical meaning:

an expression in speech of relationships btw. words based on contrastive features of arrangements in which they occur:

· It is more abstract and more generalized,

· It unites words into big groups such as parts of speech and lexico-grammatical classes.

· Ex.: girls, tables, emotions (plurality ).

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