Lesson 3

Dangerous, scale, environment, protection, resources, increase.

..

Poisonous.

Lake Baikal is one of the world's largest and most beautiful

lakes. Russians call it the Holy Sea. It contains a rich variety of animals

and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist anywhere

else in the world. However, they are being destroyed by the

massive industrial effluent, which some factories still pour into the

lake every day.

A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water

was limitless. Now clean water is scarce, and we are beginning to

respect this precious resource. We must protect the clean water

that remains for the sake of our children and grandchildren.

B. Подберите к каждому слову в колонке А соответствующее из колонки В.

А

1. urgent

2. access

3. poisonous

4. plant

5. rare

В

a. group, sort, kind of

b. in the interest of

с unusual, not often seen

d. of great value (price)

e. needing action

6. species

7. destroy

8. effluent

9. pour

10. scarce

11. respect

12. precious

13. sake

f. not available, not equal to the demand

g. come freely, flow in a continuous stream

h. way (road) to, means of using

i. think about, pay attention to

j. living organism the kind smaller than trees

k. break, put an end to

1. harmful, causing death

m. waste from a factory

Упражнение 3, Заполните таблицы на словообразование.

Noun

change

...

development

action

...

elimination

- »

Verb

achieve

advance

protect

pollute

increase

interact

Noun

variety

ecology

environment

danger

industry

globe

nature

ocean

Adjective

• •

safe

numerous

...

Упражнение 4. Заполните пропуски словами global environmental, pollute,

People are worried about the (1)... (the air, water, and land

around us) as a result of the (2)... effects of human activity. «Developments

» that are making our life more comfortable such as

industrialization, urbanization and the use of cars all (3)... the

earth's atmosphere. There are some of the (4)... problems today:

the ozone layer, (5)... warming (an (6)... in world temperature),

the conservation and (7)... of nature and natural (8)... on a

global (9)...

Упражнение 5. A. Назовите 10-15 ключевых слов и словосочетаний на

тему «Environment protection».

В. Speak about:

The problem of clean water in your town.

Времена группы Perfect Active, Passive

Подлежащее, сказуемое

Суффиксы -er/'or, -antf-ent

Префиксы ип'/im-

Text ЗА. Electricity

Text 3B. A Great Citizen of the World

Text 3C. Solar Light by Night

Text 3D. Non-traditional Renewable Sources of Energy

ПРЕДТЕКСТОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

Упражнение 1. Объясните употребление времен группы Perfect, переведите.

1. This is а very good book, I have just read it with pleasure. 2.

He has been absent this week. He has been ill. 3.1 haven't seen you

for a long time. Where have you been all this time? 4. We haven't

heard about her since 1989. 5. By the beginning of the lecture the

laboratory assistant had brought all the necessary diagrams. 6. Before

we came to the next lecture we had studied the material of the

first one. 7. Have you already finished your diploma work? No, I

shall have finished it by the end of June. 8. They will not have

passed their exams by the time you return. 9. Many students have

been enroled into universities this year. 10. The translation has not

been finished yet. It will have been finished by the end of the

month. 11. Have you brought these journals with you? No, these

journals had been brought by my sister before I returned from

St.Petersburg. Don't you know that?

Упражнение 2. A. Выберите правильную форму сказуемого.

1. Не (has graduated, graduated) from MSTU named after

Bauman this year. He (graduated, will have graduated) from MSTU

named after Bauman in 6 years. 2. She (saw, has seen) us in the

morning yesterday. She (saw, has seen) us this morning. 3.1 (have

met, met) him last year. I never (had met, have met) him before.

4. Our group (will do, will have done) a lab work tomorrow. 5. This

problem (is discussed, has been discussed) much in the press lately.

This problem (was discussed, had been discussed) yesterday.

B. Переделайте предложения из действительного в страдательный залог.

1. The students have done their homework very well. 2. Bob has

left his notebook at home. 3.1 have told you about a lecture. 4. The

laboratory assistant had prepared the experiment by 2 o'clock.

5. She had finished her test when we came. 6. The teacher will have

corrected our dictation by the end of the week. 7. They have not

made any mistakes.

Упражнение 3. Переведите предложения.

1. Что ВЫ сделали сегодня? — Я напечатала (to type) много

писем. — Я хочу посмотреть письмо к мистеру Д. — Вот, пожалуйста.

Я только что напечатала его. — А письмо к мистеру

Р.? — Я еще не напечатала это письмо. Я напечатаю его к

концу рабочего дня. 2. Вчера мы встретили наших друзей. Мы

не видели их с окончания университета. До возвращения в

Москву они работали в Орле. 3. Новый завод будет построен к

началу следующего года. Он будет оснащен самым современным

оборудованием.

Упражнение 4. Прочитайте и объясните употребление времен.

At the Institute

Vera: Hello, Mike! What are you doing here?

Mike: Hello, Vera! I am reading for my mathematics exam.

v.: But your group has passed it already, hasn't it?

M.: Yes, it has, but I was absent at this time. So I'll take this exam

tomorrow.

v.: Is it difficult for you to take this exam?

M.: No, it is not. I have finished a specialized mathematical school

where mathematics was studied more thoroughly (тщательно)

than at other schools. Besides, I have taken part in a mathematics

contest of our city.

v.: Really? Have you? When was it?

M.: It was last year.

v.: Were you the first at this contest?

М.: No, I was the second. The first one was the boy from one of the

Novosibirsk mathematical schools,

v.: Have you ever been to Novosibirsk?

M.: Yes, I have been there this year with a group of students of our

faculty,

v.: What have you seen there?

M.: Oh, I have seen a lot. But now I have no time to tell you about

it. Well, Vera, what are you doing here? Are you reading for

your exams too?

v.: No, I am not. I've passed all my exams with good marks this

term and so my holidays have already started. Fm waiting for

my friend here. Good luck, Mike.

Упражнение 5. Определите, чем выражено подлежащее каждого предложения,

переведите.

1. After the international conference on ecology it has become

possible to begin working at environmental problems on a global

scale. 2. Some scientists and engineers are working at improving

traditional production processes, others are developing new technologies,

3. The new instruments will enable us to determine the

level of pollution in our rivers. 4. Our technological advances make

it possible to deal with the most difficult problems. 5. Our lecturer's

book on strength of materials is well-known and popular. 6. One

must study six years to become an engineer. 7. There is a big library

in the new building of our institute. It is a very good library. One

may get all the necessary books there and it is possible to keep them

till the end of the academic year. 8. It is well-known that technological

progress is impossible without electronics, computers, robots

and new materials. 9. That ecological problems have become

the most important ones at present is evident to all. 10. What is

necessary for the students is to get a good qualification. 11.That

S.P. Korolyev was the founder of practical cosmonautics is a wellknown

fact. 12. That theory is combined with practical training is a

very good tradition of our educational system. 13. That it is necessary

to develop an international ecological program is realized

throughout the world.

Упражнение 6. Найдите сказуемое в каждом предложении, переведите.

1. The electronic industry produces several types of minicomputers.

2. The air in many cities has been polluted by traffic and

industry. 3. The lecture on environment protection was very interesting.

4. Mankind has never experienced changes in life and work

on such a scale. 5. The task of the world community is to improve

the ecological situation in the world. 6. In six years we shall become

engineers. 7. It is possible to take measures to protect environment

on a global level by the joint efforts of all countries.

8. Professor N. is the dean of our faculty. 9. The important feature

of our education is that it combines theory with practical training.

10. The main tendency of our life is that computers are being used

in all spheres of technology, science and everyday life. 11. The essential

feature in environment protection is that most of it is done

by public initiative. 12. What is necessary today is that the protection

of global natural resources must be planned. 13. Today one of

the most important problems is that big cities are polluted.

СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ

Упражнение 7. Переведите следующие производные слова согласно образцу:

глагол + -ег/-ог = существительное

to teach — учить, обучать -> teacher — учитель

to regulate — регулировать -> regulator — регулятор

to lecture — lecturer, to speak — speaker, to invent — inventor,

to generate — generator, to transform — transformer, to indicate —

indicator, to compute — computer;

суффиксы прилагательных -ant/'Cnt

to excel — превосходить -> excellent — превосходный

important, efficient, distant, evident, confident, recent;

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