To seem, to appear, to turn out, to happen

By Byron.

E.g. We heard that a car stoppedoutside the door. A car was heard to stopoutside the door. It is believed that the poem was written

by Byron. The poem /s believed to have been written

1. People consider the climate there to be very healthy. 2. It was announced that the Chinese danc­ers were arriving next week. 3. It is expected that the performance will be a success. 4. It is said that the book is popular with both old and young. 5. It is believed that the poem was written by an unknown soldier. 6. It is supposed that the playwright is work-

378ГРАММАТИ КА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Сложное подлежащее (Complex Subject) 379

ing at a new comedy. 7. It is reported that the flood has caused much damage to the crops. 8.. It was supposed that the crops would be rich that year. 9. It has been found that this mineral water is very good for the liver. 10. Scientists consider that electricity exists through­out space. 11. It is said that the wea-ther in Europe was exceedingly hot last summer. 12. It was reported that five ships were missing after the battle.

Следующие глаголы в предложениях, содержащих Complex Subject, употребляются в Active Voice:

Упражнение 463

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на сложное подлежащее.

1. This work seems to take much time. 2. The operation seemed to be a complicated one. 3. Money just doesn't happen to interest me. 4. In the middle of the lecture Dr. Sommerville happened to pause and look out of the window. 5. From the very first mention of Long John, I was afraid that he might turn out to be the very one-legged sailor whom I had watched for so long at the inn. 6. Clyde seemed to have been thinking of no one else but Sondra since their last meeting. 7. Clyde appeared to have for­gotten of his promise to spend his spare evenings with Roberta. 8. She appeared to be an excellent actress. 9. One day a Hare happened to meet a Tor­toise. 10. The Tortoise seemed to be moving very slowly. 11. The Hare turned out to be the loser of the race. 12. The apparatus seemed to be in excel­lent condition. 13. You appear to have found in him something that I have missed. 14. The new meth-

odfl of work appear to be very effective. 15. The percentage of carbon in this steel turned out to be low. 16. Irving turned out to be a long, pale-faced fellow. 17. His office turned out to be in one of the hack streets. 18. He appeared to be an ideal man. 19. She doesn't seem to want to do anything I sug­gest. 20. He turned out to have no feeling whatever for his nephew. 21. This appeared to amuse the po­liceman. 22. You can easily get in through the win­dow if the door happens to be locked. 23. The peas­ants did not seem to see her. 24. The Gadfly seemed to have taken a dislike to Signora Grassini from the time of their first meeting. 25. You don't seem to have done any great thing for yourself by going away. 26. "Jim," he said at last, in a voice that did not seem to belong to him.

Упражнение 464

Перефразируйте следующие предложения, упо­требляя сложное подлежащее.

• E.g. It appeared that they had lost the way. They appeared to have lost the way.

1. It seems they know all about it. 2. It seems they have heard all about it. 3. It seemed that the dis­cussion was coming to an end. 4. It seems that you don't approve of the idea. 5. It seemed that the house had not been lived in for a long time. 6. It appeared that he was losing patience. 7. It appeared that he had not heard what had been said. 8. It hap­pened that I was present at the opening session. 9. It so happened that I overheard their conversa­tion. 10. It turned out that my prediction was cor­rect. 11. It turned out that the language of the ar­ticle was quite easy.

380 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Сложное подлежащее (Complex Subject) 381

Запомните следующие предложения, содержащие Complex Subject:

Не is likely to win the prize. — Похоже, что он

выиграет приз.

Не is sure to come. — Он обязательно придет.

Упражнение 465

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на словосочетания to be likely to, to be sure to.

1. We most of us want a good many things that we are not likely to get. 2. He is sure to tell me all about this even if I don't ask him. 3. When Sondra said that they were sure to meet again, she saw Clyde's face suddenly brighten. 4. If we go on ar­guing, we are sure to quarrel. 5. They are sure to acknowledge your talent. 6. He is sure to give us some useful information. 7. The article is likely to appear in the next issue of the journal. 8. Mr. Wor­thing is sure to be back soon. 9. These two young people are sure to be very good friends. 10. You are sure to be there tomorrow night, aren't you? 11. She is not likely to change her opinion. 12. They were sure to come to an understanding. 13. Don't worry: everything is sure to turn out all right. 14. This new course of treatment is sure to help your grandmother.

Упражнение 466

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя сложное подлежащее.

1. Говорят, что это здание было построено в XVII веке. 2. Предполагают, что заседание закон­чится в десять часов. 3. Никак не ожидали, что

холодная погода наступит так рано. 4. Оказалось, что мы уже когда-то встречались. 5. Вы, кажет­ся, устали. 6. Условия работы оказались более трудными, чем предполагалось. 7. Вы случайно не знаете этого человека? 8. Книга, которую вы мне дали, оказалась скучной. 9. Новые автобусы ока­зались очень удобными. 10. Из трех сестер Брон-те Шарлотта считается наиболее талантливой.

11. Как известно, английская писательница Вой-нич жила в течение нескольких лет в Петербурге и изучала русскую литературу. Считают, что рус­ская литература оказала влияние на ее творчество.

12. Ваш приятель, кажется, очень интересуется древней историей. 13. Известно, что римляне по­строили на Британских островах хорошие дороги. 14. Полагают, что поэма „Беовульф" была напи­сана в VIII веке. 15. Вальтер Скотт считается со­здателем историче-ского романа. 16. Сообщают, что экспедиция достигла места назначения. 17. Я случайно знаю номер его телефона. 18. Он ока­зался хорошим спортсменом. 19. Он, кажется, пишет новую статью: кажется, он работает над ней уже две недели. 20. Я случайно встретил его в Москве. 21. Полагают, что они знают об этом больше, чем хотят показать. 22. Джим оказался храбрым мальчиком. 23. Рочестер случайно встретил Джейн по дороге домой. 24. Говорят, что он работает над своим изобретением уже несколь­ко лет. 25. Говорят, что эта статья переведена на все языки мира. 26. Вы, кажется, много читали до поступления в университет.

УСЛОВНЫЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ. СОСЛАГАТЕЛЬНОЕ НАКЛОНЕНИЕ ПОСЛЕ "I WISH"

Запомните три типа условных предложений:

Ill

If the weather /s fine, we shall play out­side.

If you ring me u&, I shall tell you some­thing.

If the weather were fine, we should play outside.

If you rang me up, I should tell you something.

If the weather had been fine, we should have played outside.

If you had rung me up. I should have told you something.

Если погода будет хоро­шая, мы будем играть на открытом воздухе.

Если ты мне позвонишь, я тебе кое-что расскажу.

Если бы погода была хо­рошая (сегодня; завтра), мы бы играли на открытом воздухе.

Если бы ты мне позвонил (сегодня, завтра), я бы тебе кое-что рассказал.

Если бы погода была хо­рошая (вчера), мы бы игра­ли на открытом воздухе.

Если бы ты мне позво­нил (вчера), я бы тебе кое-что рассказал.

Условные пр едложения ______ 383

Упражнение 467

Раскрывая скобки, напишите каждое предложе­ние три раза, образуя условные предложения I, II и III типов.

• E.g. If you (to be) free, I (to come) to see you. If you are free, I shall come to see you. If you were free, I should come to see you. If you had been free, I should have come to

see you. If I (to see) her, I (to be) glad. If I see her, I shall be glad. If I saw her, I should be glad. If I had seen her, I should have been glad.

1. If you (to be) busy, I (to leave) you alone. 2. If my friend (to come) to see me, I (to be) very glad. 3. If mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea party. 4. If we (to receive) a telegram from him, we (not to worry). 5. If you (not to work) systemat­ically, you (to fail) the exam. 6. If I (to live) in Mos­cow, I (to visit) the Tretyakov Gallery every year. 7. If I (to get) a ticket, I (to go) to the Philharmon­ic. 8. If I (to live) near a wood, I (to gather) a lot of mushrooms. 9. If my father (to return) early, we (to watch) TV together. 10. If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the university.

Упражнение 468

Перепишите каждое из следующих предложений дважды, образуя предложения нереального условия:

a) относящиеся к настоящему или будущему
(II тип);

b) относящиеся к прошедшему ( III тип).

1. If I am not too busy, I shall go to the concert. 2. They will all be surprised if I make such a mis­take. 3. If he doesn't come in time, shall we have to

ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Условные предложения

wait for him? 4. If no one comes to help, we shall be. obliged to do the work ourselves. 5. If you put on your glasses, you will see better. 6. What shall we do if they are late? 7. Will you be very angry if we don't come? 8. Will he be very displeased if I don't ring him up?

Упражнение 469

Произнесите вслух все возможные условные пред­ложения I типа, используя подстановочную табли­цу. (Упражнение на выработку автоматизма речи.)

If I	live in the south,	I shall bathe every day.
	come home late,		go to bed at once.
	live in the country,		often go to the wood.
	go to the wood,		gather many mushrooms.
	receive his letter,		be very happy.
	fall ill,		go to the doctor.
	find my book,		be very glad.
	lose my money,		be very sorry.
	see my friend,	ask his advice.

Упражнение 470

Произнесите вслух все возможные условные пред­ложения II типа, используя подстановочную табли­цу. (Упражнение на выработку автоматизма речи.)

I wish	in the south	I should	bathe every day.
I were	at home in the country		go to bed. go to the wood.
If I were
	in the wood		gather many mushrooms.
	at the camp		have a very good time.
	a scientist		invent a time machine.
	a composer		write beautiful music.
	a poet		write beautiful poetry.
	a writer		write interesting novels.
	a spaceman		fly to other planets.
	a sailor		sail to Africa.

Упражнение 471

Произнесите вслух все возможные условные пред­ложения III типа, используя подстановочную таб­лицу. (Упражнение на выработку автоматизма речи.)

I wish	translated the ar-	I should	found out all about
I had	ticle yesterday met you yesterday	have	this discovery, told you something.
If I had
	read this new book		told you about it.
	seen your brother		asked him to come
	yesterday		to our place.
	bought a diction-		translated the text.
	ary
	learned my lesson		got a good mark.
	rung him up yes-		found out all about
	terday		his illness.
	gone to the library		got that book.
	had more practice		won the game yes-
	in chess		terday.
	joined you in		caught a lot of fish.
	fishing
	had a ticket yes-		gone to the theatre
	terday		with you.
	asked you to help me		done the work well.
	called at that shop		bought the book.
	called on my friend		met interesting
	yesterday		people.
	won the champion-		been sent abroad.
	ship
	heard about it yes-		been pleased.
	terday

13 Ю. Голицынский

386 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Условные предложения

Упражнение 472

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу­ющейся форме.

1. If he were not such an outstanding actor, he (not to have) so many admirers. 2. If you (to give) me your address, I shall write you a letter. 3. If she (not to be) so absent-minded, she would be a much better student. 4. If my sister does not go to the south, we (to spend) the summer in St. Petersburg together. 5. If they (not to go) to Moscow last year, they would not have heard that famous musician. 6. If you (not to get) tickets for the Philharmonic, we shall stay at home. 7. If you were not so care­less about your health, you (to consult) the doctor. 8. I should be delighted if I (to have) such a beautiful fur coat. 9. If it (to rain), we shall have to stay at home. 10. If he (to work) hard, he would have achieved great progress. 11. If it is not too cold, I (not to put) on my coat. 12. I (to write) the compo­sition long ago if you had not disturbed me. 13. If he (not to read) so much, he would not be so clever. 14. If my friend (to be) at home, he will tell us what to do.

Упражнение 473

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу-ющейся форме.

1. If you (not to buy) coffee, we shall drink tea. 2. If he is free tomorrow, he certainly (to come) to our party. 3. My brother would not have missed so many lessons if he (not to hurt) his leg. 4. If my friend (to work) in my office, we should meet every day. 5. If you spoke English every day, you (to im­prove) your language skills. 6. If you get a "five", your mother (to be) happy. 7. If she (to return) earli-

er, she would have been able to see him before he left. 8. If these shoes were not too big for me, I (to buy) them. 9. If you (to ring) me up, I shall tell you a secret. 10. If you (to be) a poet, you would write beautiful poetry. 11. If he did not read so much, he (not to know) English literature so well. 12. If he (to come) to our house yesterday, he would have met his friend. 13. If he (not to pass) his exam, he will not get a scholarship. 14. If she (not to help) me, I should have been in a very difficult situation. 15. My father would have more free time if he (not to read) so many newspapers. 16. If only you had let me know, I (to go) there immediately. 17. If I were a famous singer, I (to get)-* lot of flowers every day.

Упражнение 474

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу­ющейся форме.

1. If my brother (to be) in trouble, I shall help him, of course. 2. If I don't manage to finish my report today, I (to stay) at home tomorrow. 3. If she were more careful about her diet, she (not to be) so stout. 4. You would not feel so bad if you (not to smoke) too much. 5. If he (to learn) the poem, he would not have got a bad mark. 6. If you gave me your dictionary for a couple of days, I (to translate) this text. 7. If I (to be) a musician, I should be very happy. 8. If Barbara (to get) up at half past eight, she would have been late for school. 9. If you had not put the cup on the edge of the table, it (not to get) broken. 10. I should be very glad if he (to come) to my place. 11. If he (to live) in St. Petersburg, he would go to the Hermitage every week. 12. If you (to go) to the theatre with us last week, you would have enjoyed the evening. 13. You won't understand the rule if you (not to listen) to the teacher. 14. If he weren't such a bookworm, he (not to spend) so

388ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УП РАЖНЕНИЙ

Условные предложения 389

much time sitting in the library. 15. I should not have bought the car if my friend (not to lend) me money. 16. If he did not live in St. Petersburg, we (not to meet) so often. 17. If he had warned me, I (to do) the work in time.

Упражнение 475

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу­ющейся форме.

1. If I (to have) this rare book, I should gladly lend it to you. 2. The dish would have been much more tasty if she (to be) a better cook. 3. He never (to phone) you if I hadn't reminded him to do that. 4. Your brother (to become) much stronger if he took cold baths regularly. 5. If he (to be) more coura­geous, he would not be afraid. 6. If the fisherman had been less patient, he (not to catch) so much fish. 7. If you (to put) the ice cream into the refrigera­tor, it would not have melted. 8. If I (to know) the result now, I would phone her immediately. 9. If you had let me know yesterday, I (to bring) you my book.

10. If it (to snow), the children will play snowballs.

11. If I (not to know) English, I should not be able
to enjoy Byron's poetry. 12. I (not to do) it if you
did not ask me. 13. If men (to have) no weapons,
would wars be possible? 14. You will never finish
your work if you (to waste) your time like that.
15. If I (to have) his telephone number, I should eas­
ily settle this matter with him.

Упражнение 476

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу­ющейся форме.

1. If she (to ask) me yesterday, I should certainly have told her all about it. 2. If you (to do) your morn­ing exercises every day, your health would be much

better. 3. If he is not very busy, he (to agree) to go to the museum with us. 4. If I (not to be) present at the lesson, I should not have understood this diffi­cult rule. 5. If he reads fifty pages every day, his vocabulary (to increase) greatly. 6. If they (to know) it before, they would have taken measures. 7. If I (to get) this book, I shall be happy. 8. If you really loved music, you (to go) to the Philharmonic much more often. 9. If you had not wasted so much time, you (not to miss) the train. 10. If you (not to miss) the train, you would have arrived on time. 11. You (not to miss) the teacher's explanation if you had ar­rived on time. 12. You would have understood the rule if you (not to miss) the teacher's explanation. 13. If you (to understand) the rule, you would have written the paper successfully. 14. If you had writ­ten the paper successfully, you (not to get) a "two". 15. Your mother (not to scold) you if you had not got a "two". 16. If your mother (not to scold) you, you would have felt happier.

Упражнение 477

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу­ющейся форме.

1. If it (to rain) tomorrow, our game will be can­celled. 2. If a dog (to bite) in her leg, she would go straight to hospital. 3. If he had known it was going to rain, he (to take) his umbrella to work today. 4. If only I (to have) more pocket money, I could buy some new English books. 5. If she hadn't missed the bus, she (not to be) late for work. 6. If I (to live) two hundred years ago, I couldn't have spoken on the telephone. 7. If my daughter did her homework care­fully, she (to get) much better marks. She's really a smart little girl. 8. If his friend (to be) in the mood to see a film, they would have gone to the cinema last night. 9. If my cactus plant (not to have) a rare

390 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Условные предложения

disease, it wouldn't have died. 10. If they had re­membered your address, they (to send) you a post­card. 11. If Tom saw a car crash, he (to telephone) the police and (to help) the people in the cars. 12. If you are not sure, what to say, you (to have) to guess. 13. If she (not to be) very ill, she wouldn't have been absent from English classes all last week. 14. If my parents had had good seats, they (to enjoy) the play last night. 15. If a robber (to attack) him in a dark street, he would defend himself. 16. If he hadn't been so careless, he (not to fall) into this trap. 17. If you (not to smoke), you would feel more energetic. 18. If her alarm clock (to ring), she would have been on time for work this morning.

Упражнение 478

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу­ющейся форме.

1. If you were on a hijacked plane, you (to attack) the hijackers? 2. If they were on a hijacked plane, they (to stay) calm and probably (to survive). 3. If my friend had been trying harder, he (to succeed). 4. If I (to live) in 1703,1 shouldn't (wouldn't')¹ have had a computer. 5. If she (to smell) smoke in the middle of the night, she would telephone the fire brigade and run into the street and shout, "Fire!" 6. If he (to invite), he would have come to the party last Sunday. 7. If the driver in front hadn't stopped suddenly, the accident (not to happen). 8. If you (not to know) how to play, my sister will explain the rules to you. 9. If she had told them it was her birthday,

'В современном английском языке имеется тенденция к употреблению "would" вместо "should" с первым лицом един­ственного и множественного числа в главном предложении условных придаточных предложений II и III типов. См. Raymond Murphy "Essential Grammar in Use" a book for intermediate students: Unit 38 — If I knew his number, I would phone him.

they (to give) her a birthday present. 10. If I had more time, I (to read) more books. 11. If their TV had been working, they (to watch) the President's speech last night. 12. If my T-shirt hadn't been 100 percent cotton, it (not to shrink) so much. 13. How can you become more popular in your class: if you (to get) the top mark in mathematics or En­glish or if you (to be) good at sports? 14. If they (to go) by car, they would have saved time. 15. If I (to be) a bird, I would¹ be able to fly. 16. If he (to bring) his book home, he would have done his homework last night. 17. If my mother (to win) a million pounds, she would spend it as fast as possible. 18. If you had been feeling well, you (to be) in class yesterday.

Упражнение 479

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу­ющейся форме.

1. I am sorry that you do not read English nov­els; if you (to read) them, I (to lend) you some very interesting ones. 2. You say that you did not read yesterday's papers; if you (to read) them, you (to see) the announcement of Professor X's coming to our town. 3. He is not ill: if he (to be) ill, he (not to play) tennis so much. 4. He was not ill last week: if he (to be) ill, he (not to take) part in the football match. 5. How slippery it is! If it (not to rain), it (not to be) so slippery. 6. I am glad I was able to attend the lecture yesterday. You (to be) displeased if I (not to come)? 7. Let's take a taxi to the railway station: we have a lot of luggage. If we (not to have) so much luggage, we (to walk). 8. Stop work­ing and let's go inside: it is too dark. If the evening (not to be) so dark, we (to continue) the work. 9.1 don't believe you: you only say that you want to know

¹ См. примечание на стр. 390.

392 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Условные предложения

languages. If you (to be) really interested in lan­guages, you (to study) them.

Упражнение 480

Образуйте условные предложения.

1. Не is busy and does not come to see us. If... 2. The girl did not study well last year and received bad marks. If... 3. He broke his bicycle and so he did not go to the country. If... 4. He speaks En­glish badly: he has no practice. If... 5. I had a bad headache yesterday, that's why I did not come to see you. If... 6. The ship was sailing near the coast, that's why it struck a rock. If... 7. He was not in town, therefore he was not present at our meeting. If... 8. The pavement was so slippery that I fell and hurt my leg. If... 9. The sea is rough, and we can­not sail to the island. If... 10. They made a fire, and the frightened wolves ran away. If... 11. It is late, and I have to go home. If... 12. I was expect­ing my friend to come, that's why I could not go to the cinema with you. If... 13. He always gets top marks in mathematics because it is his favourite subject and he works a lot at it. If... 14. I did not translate the article yesterday because I had no dic­tionary. If... 15. We lost our way because the night was pitch-dark. If... 16. The box was so heavy that I could not carry it. That's why I took a taxi. If...

Упражнение 481

Образуйте условные предложения.

1. The travellers had no camera with them, so they could not take photos of the beautiful scenery. If... 2. There was no sugar left, so we had to go to the shop late in the evening. If... 3. This house is very nice and comfortable, but it is not very good for living because it is situated close to a chemical

plant and the air around is very bad. If... 4. He is an excellent specialist, but I cannot ask his advice because I am not acquainted with him. If... 5. You cannot enjoy this merry evening party because you have a toothache. If... 6. You know the material well enough, but you are very absent-minded, and that's why you always make many mistakes. If... 7. You did not ring me up, so I did not know you were in trouble. If... 8. You left the child alone in the room, so he hurt himself. If... 9. They spent a year in the tropics, so they got very sun-tanned. If... 10. It rained heavily, so we got drenched to the skin. If... 11. Why didn't you watch the cat? It ate all the fish. If... 12. A huge black cloud appeared from behind the forest, so we had to turn back and hurry home. If... 13. We shall not go to see them because it is very late. If... 14. Naturally she was angry, because you were in her way. If...

Упражнение 482

Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся фор­му сослагательного наклонения после "I wish".

1. I wish I (to have) a season ticket to the Phil­harmonic next winter. 2. I wish I (to consult) the teacher when I first felt that mathematics was too difficult for me. 3. I love sunny weather. I wish it (to be) warm and fine all the year round. 4. I wish I (not to lend) Nick my watch: he has broken it.

5. I wish you (to send) word as soon as you arrive.

6. I wish I (not to have) to do my homework every day. 7. I wish you (to go) skiing with me yesterday: I had such a good time! 8. I wish I (to know) Span­ish. 9. I wish I (not to drink) so much coffee in the evening: I could not sleep half the night. 10. I wish you (to read) more in future. 11. I wish I never (to suggest) this idea. 12. I wish I (to be) at yesterday's

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Условные предложения

party: it must have been very merry. 13. I wish we (to meet) again next summer. 14. Don't you wish you (to see) that performance before? 15. They wished they (not to see) this horrible scene again. 16. The unfortu­nate pupil wished he (not to forget) to learn the rule.

Упражнение 483

Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся фор­му сослагательного наклонения после "I wish".

1. I wish I (can) give up smoking. 2. She wishes she (to see) him at yesterday's party. 3. I wish I (to pass) my driving test last Monday. 4. I wish I (not to forget) my friend's birthday yesterday. 5. The boy is sad. He wishes he (not to break) the window. 6. My aunt wishes she (to stay) at home last week­end. 7. He wishes he (to know) something about cars. 8. I wish it (to be) sunny. 9. I wish it (to be) sunny during our picnic last Saturday. 10. She wishes she (to live) in the Crimea. 11. My friend wishes he (not to do) that last night. 12.1 wish I (to bring) my cam­era last summer. 13. I wish I (can) tell the future. 14. Do you wish you (to be) in the Guinness Book of Records? 15. Some people wish they (can) appear on a TV game show and become famous. 16. She often wishes things (to be) different.

Упражнение 484

Перефразируйте следующие предложения, упо­требляя "I wish".

• E.g. It's a pity you are ill.

I wish you were not ill.

1. Unfortunately they won't return before Christ­mas. 2. The student was sorry he had not studied the material better and had shown such poor

knowledge at the exam. 3. It's a pity that you did not send for us last night. 4. It's a pity you are not with us these days. 5. My friend regrets not having entered the university. 6. He was sorry not to have had enough time to finish his paper. 7. It's a pity we shan't be able to reach home before teatime. 8. I am sorry I made you upset by telling you this news. 9. What a pity you don't know enough physics.

Упражнение 485

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя "1 wish".

1. а) Жаль, что он такой легкомысленный, б) Жаль, что он не достаточно серьезен.

2. а) Я теперь жалею, что не послушал его совета, б) Я теперь жалею, что последовал его совету.

3. а) Жаль, что вы пришли так поздно, б) Жаль, что вы не пришли пораньше.

4. а) Обидно, что мы ушли до его прихода.

б) Обидно, что мы не дождались его прихода.

5. а) К сожалению, они еще ничего не знают,
б) К сожалению, они уже знают об этом.

Упражнение 486

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя "I wish".

1. Ах, если бы вы сказали ей об этом в прошлое воскресенье! 2. Хорошо бы у нас сейчас были ка­никулы. 3. Если бы он пришел сегодня вечером!

4. Мы пожалели, что не попросили его совета.

5. Жаль, что вы отказались принять участие в пик­нике. 6. Жаль, что вас не интересует этот предмет.

7. Мы бы хотели, чтобы вы упомянули эти факты.

8. Жаль, что мы опоздали на поезд. 9. Жаль, что

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Условные предложения

вы включили телевизор так поздно. 10. Если бы я был свободен сейчас! 11. Жаль, что и вчера у меня было мало времени. 12. Хорошо бы вы на­писали ей об этом сами. 13. Жаль, что вы не об­ратили внимания на его предупреждение. 14. Он пожалел, что бросил университет. 15. Жаль, что уже поздно идти туда. 16. Ах, если бы я пришел на вокзал вовремя! 17. Жаль, что вы не читали такую прекрасную книгу. 18. Жаль, что она де­лает так много ошибок в речи. 19. Жаль, что вы не побывали на выставке. 20. Жаль, что я узнал об этом так поздно. 21. Как жаль, что мы не зас­тали Колю дома. 22. Она сожалела, что не рас­сказала нам эту историю раньше.

Обратите внимание на смешанные случаи

употребления времен в условных предложениях

// и /// типа:

If I were acquainted with this famous professor, I should have rung him up. yesterday.

Условие относится к настоящему времени (// тип), а следствие — к прошедшему (/// тип).

If I had written the composition yesterday, I should be free now.

Условие относится к прошедшему времени (/// тип), а следствие — к настоящему (// тип).

Упражнение 487

Образуйте условные предложения. Не забудьте о смешанных случаях.

1. I shall go to the dentist because I have a tooth­ache. If... 2. He is groaning with pain now because he did not go to the dentist to have his tooth filled.

If... 3. She does not go to the polyclinic because she does not need any treatment. If... 4. He will not go to see the play as he was present at the dress re­hearsal. If... 5. He went to Moscow specially to hear this famous singer because he is fond of him. If... 6. We did not go to the cafeteria to have a glass of lemonade because we were not thirsty. If... 7. She could not mend her dress herself because she had no needle. If... 8. He is not a first-class sportsman now because he did not train enough last year. If... 9. The pupils were active because they wanted to un­derstand this difficult material. If... 10. The pupils did not understand the homework because they were inattentive. If... 11. The pupils worked hard and did well in their exams. If... 12. She won't try to enter the foreign languages department because she is not good at foreign languages. If...

Упражнение 488

Переведите на английский язык.

1. Он так изменился! Если бы вы его встрети­ли, вы бы его не узнали. 2. Если бы я был на ва­шем месте, я бы посоветовался с родителями. 3. Если бы сейчас подошел трамвай, мы бы не опоздали. 4. Если бы он знал, что это вас расстро­ит, он был бы осторожнее. 5. Если бы вы мне по­могли решить эту задачу, я был бы вам очень бла­годарен. 6. Жаль, что нам раньше не пришло в го­лову поискать книгу в библиотеке. Мы бы сдела­ли работу вовремя и сейчас были бы уже свобод­ны. 7. Жаль, что у нас было так мало уроков. Если бы мы больше поработали, мы бы лучше знали язык. 8. Если бы он регулярно не посещал спор­тивные тренировки, он не добился бы такого успе­ха на состязаниях. 9. Если бы ты предупредил меня заранее, я бы уже был в Москве. 10. Жаль,

398ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИ К УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

что она уже ушла. Если бы ты позвонил раньше, она была бы сейчас здесь. 11. Если бы он был ум­нее, он бы не пошел вчера в лес. 12. Если бы она не прислала вчера это письмо, мой брат был бы сейчас дома. 13. Что бы мы сейчас делали, если бы мама не испекла вчера пирог? 14. Жаль, что вы не слышали музыку Рахманинова. Если бы вы ее слышали, вы бы знали, какой это замечатель­ный композитор. 15. Я уверен, что все были бы рады, если бы вечер состоялся.

Упражнение 489

Переведите на английский язык.

1. Если бы я знал французский, я бы уже давно поговорил с ней. 2. Если бы я знал немецкий язык, я бы читал Гете в оригинале. 3. Если бы я жил близ­ко, я бы чаще заходил к вам. 4. Если бы вы не пре­рвали нас вчера, мы бы закончили работу в срок. 5. Если бы он не следовал советам врача, он бы не поправился так быстро. 6. Если бы он не был та­лантливым художником, его картину не приняли бы на выставку. 7. Если бы вы тогда послушались моего совета, вы бы не были сейчас в таком затруд­нительном положении. 8. Если бы я не был так за­нят в эти дни, я бы помог тебе вчера. 9. Если бы он не был так близорук, он бы узнал меня вчера в те­атре. 10. Она здорова. Если бы она была больна, ее брат сказал бы мне об этом вчера. 11. Вы бы много знали, если бы регулярно читали этот журнал. 12. Если бы я узнала об этом раньше, то не сидела бы сейчас дома. 13. Если бы мои родители были богаты, они бы уже давно купили мне машину. 14. Она очень талантлива. Хорошо бы родители ку­пили ей пианино. Если она начнет играть сейчас, она будет выдающимся музыкантом.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-24