IX. Read the text. Put the verbs in brackets either in the Past Simple Active or the Past Simple Passive.

Dialogue 2

VII. Illustrative dialogues.

Vocabulary.

to invent - винаходити

an invention - винахід

to desing - проектувати

a creator - творець

a household word - загальновживане слово

Diesel - дизель

a counter - лічильник

Geiger counter - лічильник Гейгера

to detect - виявляти

Roentgen rays - рентгенівське проміння

X-ray - рентгенівське проміння

mysterious - таємничий, невідомий

hardly ever- дуже рідко, майже ніколи

VI. Scanning brief information about scientists work in groups:

I group — Put questions to Newton about his discovery.

II group — Express your point of view on the discovery of Archimedes.

III group — Comment on the use of Bell's discovery nowadays

Dialogue 1

-Hello, Vlad! Glad to meet you! How are you?

-Hello, Zhenia. I'm fine. Glad to meet you too.

-Did you like our last lesson of physics? I mean that one when we spoke about electricity.

-Certainly, I did. I couldn't even imagine that it was time when there was no electricity. It's impossible to imagine our life without a TV set, a telephone, a fridge,an iron, a tape recorder, a personal computer, a washing machine etc.

-You see, Vlad, all these electric appliances came into our life due to electricity. I think that we should name first of all the great English inventor Michael Faraday. His key lay in electricity and magnetism. He was the first to invent the electric generator.

-I think it was great. I'd like to mention another inventor Benjamin Franklin. He was a physicist, a scientist and an inventor. He worked hard in electricity. He invented the lightning rod and this brought him fame.

-I think we should name one more inventor. I mean the American inventor Thomas Alva Edison. In his childhood he was very curious and always asked: "Why?" He tried to learn how things worked or how they were made. He invented the electric bulb.

-Owing to Faraday, Franklin, Edison it became possible to create telephone invented by the great British scientist Alexander Bell.

I can't but mention the great German physicist Wilhelm Roentgen. He discovered his penetrating rays in 1895.Soon x-rays were in common use in medical practice.

-Another important invention connected with electricity was the invention of a TV set by the Scottish inventor John Baird in 1920. It has become the main source of
information for millions of people since that time.

-It was a pleasure to talk with you. It's time to go
home. Bye!

-The pleasure is all mine. Bye!

-As far as you know I'm fond of cars and airplanes.

-To my mind a motor car is the most useful of all leisure inventions. German engineer Karl Benz produced the first petrol driven automobile in 1885. Henry Ford, the famous American manufacturer, was successful in designing and selling cars for everyday life — for business, travelling, family life, leisure time. He was the first to use line production for his Model T car in 1908.

-See, my Dad is also interested in cars and airplanes.There are many books and magazines about these inventions in our family library. I liked most of all the information about the Volkswagen "beetle". It was designed in 1939 in Germany. The car was designed with economy, cheapness
and comfort in mind. Cars have given people great freedom of travelling around.

-You are quite right. But the greatest invention was, in my opinion, the invention of an airplane. Two American brothers Wright invented the airplane. They patented it as a"flying machine". The invention of the petrol engine helped brothers Wright to make the first flight in 1903.

-I'm fond of cycling. I think that bicycle is an outstanding example of a mechanic machine. Its history goes back to 1817. It happened is Germany. Baron fon Drez invented a mechanism on two wheels. It was rather funny. Then inventors designed the bike with a big front wheel to cover a longer distance. Finally in 1885, appeared a modern bicycle with two wheels of the same size.

- Thanks for such an interesting conversation. I must be going.

VIII. Arrange the words in a sentence:

1) Curiosity/leads/great/to/imagination/discoveries/ and.

2) Must/man/apply/skills/knowledge/his/and/experience/discover/secrets/to/

/nature/of.

3) Do/succeed/outstanding/in/people/their/carrying/ on/investigations?

4) Are/all/engaged/why/research/scientists/in/work?

Carl Gauss (recognize) as a mathematical genius when he was ten. One day a professor (give) him an arithmetic problem. Carl (ask) to add up numbers from 1 to 100 (1+2+3+4, etc.). It (take) him only eight seconds to solve the problem. How could he do it so quickly? Can you do it quickly?

Carl could do it quickly because he (know) that each pair of numbers 1 plus 100, 2 plus 99, 3 plus 98 and so on till 50 plus 51 — equaled 101. So he simply (multiply) 50 by 101 and (come) up with

the answer: 5 050. That's how the problem (solve).

Texts for Supplementary Reading

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