Информация для преподавателя 1 страница

Ниже дается дополнительная информация для преподавателя о количестве случаев употребления грамматических явлений английского языка. В пособии количество грамматических явлений пропорционально распределены по блокам-упражнениям, с тем, чтобы они встречались учащимся не концентрированно, в одном или двух упражнениях, а постоянно, почти в каждом упражнении. Всего упражнений 50. Поэтому некоторые грамматические правила не использованы в некоторых из них ввиду того, что примеров с ними не хватило на то, чтобы использовать их в каждом блоке.

Ниже дано количество случаев использования правил.

	Сокращение	Кол-во
Простое предложение	Пр
Простое главное предложение	ПрГл
Изъявительное наклонение	Из
Сослагательное наклонение	Сосл
Побудительное наклонение	Поб
Действительный залог	Дз
Страдательный залог	Стр
Повествовательное предложение	Пов
Вопросительное предложение	?
Вопросительное предложение в придаточно-дополнительном предложении (косвенный вопрос)	?косв
Вопрос к подлежащему	?п
Разделительный вопрос	?разд
Модальный глагол can	М(can)
Модальный глагол could	М(could)
Модальный глагол may	М (may)
Модальный глагол might	М(might)
Модальный глагол must	М(must)
Модальный глагол should	М(should)
Модальный глагол ought to	М(ought to)
Модальный глагол need	М(need)
Модальный глагол shall	М(shall)
Глагол be – смысловой глагол	СМbe
Глагол be – глагол-связка	beСВ
Глагол have – смысловой глагол	СМhave
Эквивалент модального глагола	ЭМ
Эквивалент модального глагола	beСВ able to
Эквивалент модального глагола схема 2	have to 2сх
Эквивалент модального глагола схема 4	have to 4сх
Эквивалент модального глагола схема 5	have to 5сх
Эквивалент модального глагола схема 2	be to 2сх
Эквивалент модального глагола схема 3	be to 3сх
Эквивалент модального глагола схема 4	be to 4сх
Эквивалент модального глагола схема 5	be to 5сх
Эквивалент модального глагола	be allowed to
Безличное предложение 1 типа	Безл 1
Безличное предложение 2 типа	Безл 2
Безличное предложение 4 типа	Безл 4
Безличный оборот 1 типа	БезлОб 1
Безличный оборот 2 типа	БезлОб 2
Безличный оборот 3 типа	БезлОб 3
Безличный оборот 5 типа	БезлОб 5
Существование чего-либо	Сущ
Придаточное предложение долнительное	ПрДп
Придаточное предложение долнительное, согласование	ПрДпСогл
Придаточное предложение времени	ПрВр
Придаточное предложение сказуемое	ПрИЧС
Придаточное предложение подлежащее в постпозиции (БезлОб 1, 2 или 3 типа) к сказуемому	-ПрПд
Придаточное предложение подлежащее в препозиции к сказуемому	ПрПд-
Придаточное предложение определительное	ПрОпр
Придаточное предложение причины	ПрПрч
Придаточное предложение образа действия и сравнения	ПрОбрСрв
Придаточное предложение сравнения	ПрСрв
Придаточное предложение условия	ПрУсл
Придаточное предложение цели	ПрЦели
Придаточное предложение места	ПрМст
Придаточное предложение уступки	ПрУст
Схема 1 с положительным глаголом-сказуемым	1 +
Схема 1 с отрицательным глаголом-сказуемым	1 –
Схема 2 с положительным глаголом-сказуемым	2 +
Схема 2 с отрицательным глаголом-сказуемым	2 –
Схема 2 с отрицанием отдельного члена предожения или с отрицанием, выражаемым не частицей not	2 ±
Схема 3 с положительным глаголом-сказуемым	3 +
Схема 3 с отрицательным глаголом-сказуемым	3 –
Схема 3 с отрицанием отдельного члена предожения или с отрицанием, выражаемым не частицей not	3 ±
Схема 4 с положительным глаголом-сказуемым	4 +
Схема 4 с отрицательным глаголом-сказуемым	4 –
Схема 4 с отрицанием отдельного члена предожения или с отрицанием, выражаемым не частицей not	4 ±
Схема 5 с положительным глаголом-сказуемым	5 +
Схема 5 с отрицательным глаголом-сказуемым	5 –
Схема 5 с отрицанием отдельного члена предожения или с отрицанием, выражаемым не частицей not	5 ±
Герундий после притяжательного местоимения или существительного в прияжательном падеже	one’s G
Герундий в форме действительного залога простого вида действия	G^ДзП
Герундий в форме действительного залога совершенного вида действия	G^ДзС
Герундий в форме страдательного залога простого вида действия	G^СтрП
Герундий в форме страдательного залога совершенного вида действия	G^СтрС
Герундий от глагола have, употребленный в функции смыслового глагола	G – СМhaving
Герундий от глагола have, употребленный в функции эквивалента модального глагола	G – having^ЭМ
Герундий от глагола be, употребленный в функции глагола-связки	G – beingСВ
Герундий от глагола be, употребленный в функции смыслового глагола	G – СМbeing
Герундий от глагола be, употребленный в функции эквивалента модального глагола	G – being^ЭМ
Причастие 1 действительного залога простого вида действия	P1^ДзП
Независимый причастный оборот с причастием 1 действительного залога простого вида действия	Нез P1^ДзП
Причастие 1 действительного залога совершенного вида действия	P1^ДзС
Независимый причастный оборот с причастием 1 действительного залога совершенного вида действия	Нез P1^ДзС
Причастием 1 страдательного залога простого вида действия	P1^СтрП
Независимый причастный оборот с причастием 1 страдательного залога простого вида действия	Нез P1^СтрП
Причастие 1 страдательного залога совершенного вида действия	P1^СтрС
Независимый причастный оборот с причастием 1 сирадательного залога совершенного вида действия	Нез P1^СтрС
Причастие 1 от глагола have в функции смыслового глагола	P1 – СМhaving
Независимый причастный оборот с причастием 1 от глагола have в функции смыслового глагола	Нез P1 – СМhaving
Причастие 1 от глагола have в функции эквивалента модального глагола	P1 – having^ЭМ
Независимый причастный оборот с причастием 1 от глагола have в функции эквивалента модального глагола	Нез P1 – having^ЭМ
Причастие 1 от глагола be в функции глагола-связки	P1 – beingСВ
Независимый причастный оборот с причастием 1 от глагола be в функции связки	Нез P1– beingСВ
Причастие 1 от глагола be в функции смыслового глагола	P1 – СМbeing
Независимый причастный оборот с причастием 1 от глагола be в функции смыслового глагола	Нез P1– СМbeing
Причастие 1 от глагола be в функции эквивалента модального глагола	P1 – being^ЭМ
Независимый причастный оборот с причастием 1 от глагола be в функции эквивалента модального глагола	Нез P1 – being^ЭМ
Независимый причастный оборот от безличного предложения 1 типа с причастием 1 от глагола be в функции глагола-связки	Нез P1 БЕЗЛ 1– beingСВ
Независимый причастный оборот, образованного от безличного предложения 2 типа с причастием 1 от глагола be в функции глагола-связки	Нез P1 БЕЗЛ 2 – beingСВ
	Нез P1 БЕЗЛ 1– beingСВ
	P2
	Inf^ДзП(СлжПд)	339 (24)
	Inf^ДзД (СлжПд)	5 (3)
	Inf^ДзС (СлжПд)	3 (1)
	Inf^ДзДС
	Inf^СтрП(СлжПд)	79 (20)
	Inf^СтрС (СлжПд)	2 (1)
	СлжДп Inf^ДзП
	СлжДп P1^ДзД
	СлжДп Inf^СтрП
	СлжДп P2
	СлжПд Inf^ДзП
	СлжПд Inf^ДзД
	СлжПд Inf^ДзС
	СлжПд Inf^ДзДС
	СлжПд Inf^СтрП
	СлжПд Inf^СтрС

Времена

	П	Д	С	ДС
П
Н
Б
Бп

_П 46

Упражнение 1

1. A given problem can have more than one algorithm for its solution, can’t it?
2. Another approach to reach the goal of true AI is to create networks of experimental computer chips called silicon neurons.
3. As early as in 1953 the first tractor "Belarus" was assembled in Minsk.
4. Both of us were very tired.
5. Changes can also be made to the program quickly without having to wait for it to be compiled again.
6. Weather permitting, the steamship will start early in the morning.
7. Communication is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals.
8. Devices consisting of crystalline materials were known long before the invention of the thermionic valve.
9. It is well known that they can take part at the scientific conference.
10. Communication is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals.
11. Either time suits us fine.
12. Electronics has made a rapid progress.
13. Franklin was the first who developed a new theory of electricity.
14. He must come where he met us yesterday.
15. He said that he was studying English at the Institute.
16. Heat is a form of energy and may be measured in the units in which energy is measured.
17. His taking part in the development of the new system was a great help to us.
18. How long have you been waiting for us?
19. How long is it since you left school?
20. If a solid body or a liquid is heated, it will usually expand.
21. If you want to carry out your experiment successfully, you should prepare all the necessary ingredients more thoroughly.
22. Is it very important that we should take part in the discussion?
23. It is not unwise to provide more than one car for a test drive.
24. This substance reacts half as fast as the other one.
25. Let us take part in the expedition.
26. My friend is writing an article for the newspaper.
27. Nowhere can this phenomenon be observed better than in a transitional economy.
28. One approach to reach the goal of true AI is to apply the concept of parallel processing—interlinked and concurrent computer operations.
29. Whether there must be ten or six computers in the laboratory will be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
30. One must be very attentive in experimenting, for accuracy is indispensable here.
31. One should operate this machine carefully lest it go out of order.
32. This substance reacts one tenth as fast (as the other one).
33. Software designers create new programs by using special applications programs.
34. The development of micromodules has opened up big possibilities for making miniature electronic instruments.
35. The difficulty is whether all the processes of the production at the plant can be mechanized.
36. The experiment may have yielded results though the conditions in the laboratory were not suitable.
37. The first progress was not made until the end of the year.
38. The operation of the human mind is still little understood.
39. The reaction did not start until the next morning.
40. The task of the factory was producing corrosion-resistant polymers in larger quantities.
41. It was not uncommon to have a few jobs now.
42. There was the expectation that they could do whatever they wanted.
43. They'll have finished their work by lunchtime.
44. This substance reacts 100 times as fast as the other one.
45. This substance reacts one third as fast (as the other one).
46. Thousands of scientists, using the most modern equipment, are studying the atoms
47. Various routes are being used in the effort to reach the goal of true AI.
48. We wouldn't have done this work but for him.
49. What are the advantages in making computers as small as one can?
50. What were you doing at this time last month?
51. When was the first laser developed?
52. Without a computer scientists will not be able to solve complicated problems.

Упражнение 2

1. A laser is a machine for making and concentrating light waves into a very intense beam.
2. Cybernetics is gaining a growing importance.
3. The scientist is carrying on an important research.
4. Did you discuss opening a new business?
5. The student's taking part in the research was of great help to the whole laboratory.
6. Automation is being introduced on a wide scale in all branches of industry and agriculture.
7. How can automation help a worker in his hard physical labour?
8. How many students study in the Ryazan Radioengineering University?
9. Your task is to study well.
10. In which year do the students have many general subjects?
11. Large-scale application of electronic technique is a trend of technical progress capable of revolutionizing many branches of industry.
12. May I introduce Professor Popov?
13. What are sounds produced by?
14. Does there exist a true science?
15. The falling water has kinetic energy.
16. The scientist working at this design is well known.
17. The scientist’s working at this design is well known.
18. Having improved this device they could use it for many purposes.
19. It being dark in the laboratory, the engineers wasn’t able to find the device.
20. When did the chief engineer have to carry out the experiment?
21. There were many devices in the laboratory.
22. Soviet scientists developed several types of lasers.
23. Speaking about the new method of work the engineer told us many interesting details.
24. Will the users of the videotex system be able to access textual information from centralized public or private data banks?
25. Complex terminals will not allow users to compose their own information to be stored in the data banks for access by others.
26. We haven't seen you for ages!
27. Where've you been?
28. He might have seen her already.
29. But for the atmosphere no life would be possible on the Earth.
30. Who has been living in Ryazan for 4 years?
31. Charge this battery, please.
32. Will you have time to drop round and have a chat with us this evening?
33. The student said that she would work at his diploma design next year.
34. You know that light waves pass through glass more easily than heat waves.
35. When these scientists were working in our laboratory they obtained good results.
36. That they can take part at the scientific conference is well known.
37. Preference is given to those who have experience in practical work.
38. He didn't take part in the discussion for he was late for the seminar.
39. Were a new telephone system installed on the line we should be able to improve the reliability of telephone service.
40. If they work much, they will get good results.
41. It was electronics that produced radar.
42. It is often said that television has altered our world.
43. Atoms and electrons are so small that they cannot be seen under the most powerful microscopes.

Упражнение 3

1. The study of this phenomenon is very important.
2. I was writing the translation, my friend helping me.
3. The goods having been loaded, the ships left the port.
4. There is no clear-cut definition for industrial robots.(четкий)
5. The plane was flying over the Ukraine.
6. These elements are known to have been found two decades ago.
7. This classroom is larger and lighter than the other classrooms. ±
8. It is the largest and the lightest room here.
9. What does programming involve?
10. Where are lasers used today?
11. Without understanding the inquiries of pure science, we cannot follow the story of radio.
12. A radio receiver assembled of micromodules does not weigh more than 50 grammes.
13. Automated systems have a number of advantages, don’t they?
14. Is it difficult to transmit information over great distances by the technical means available today?
15. Can glass fibres carry the same number of telephone calls as metal cables?
16. Computer science is to be regarded as a new discipline.
17. When did Mendeleyev present his table?
18. What discovery mentioned remained unknown to most scientists for a long time?
19. The experiments being demonstrated, all the students watched them with great attention.
20. How many photographs made in outer space were shown the participants of the conference?
21. Who made the students repeat the experiment?
22. The theory of the basic devices in radio engineering — radio transmitting and radio receiving ones — was developed by Soviet scientists.
23. Will optical fibres have countless applications in "information society" of the future?
24. Will the postal service undergo great changes in the third millennium?
25. He cannot have broken the tube while making this experiment.
26. You should have changed the current strength at all points of the circuit.
27. Would you ask the next candidate to come in, please?
28. The teacher said that we might complete our drawings next week.
29. Does that mean that unemployment is an inevitable consequence of automation?
30. After studying and ana­lysing a tremendous amount of material Mendeleyev succeeded in determining the correct atomic weight of nine elements.
31. The scientist was solving a new problem when we visited his laboratory last week.
32. The most important feature of this plant is that all its shops are equipped with automatic and semi-automatic machine-tools.
33. Why the engineer made his assistants check the results is not clear to us.
34. Subatomic particles called neutrinos travel at the speed of light and go through the matter as though it weren't there.
35. What degrees do students get if they pass their final exam?
36. If they work much, they will get good results.
37. If a machine is to make usable translations, the machine itself must be able to extract some meaning of the text.
38. They applied new methods of work lest the efficiency of the installa­tion (should) be low.
39. Was it she who went to the theatre last month?
40. It was in 1944 that the first relay machine was completed.

Упражнение 4

1. He doesn’t think about his future work, does he?
2. All the problems having been solved, they went home.
3. An interesting research in the field of electronics is being done at our Institute.
4. What is she doing this week?
5. What is peculiar about the upper atmosphere of the earth?
6. Mathematics is more important for technical students than many other subjects.
7. Modern computers can multiply two numbers in a microsecond.
8. Our task is to study well.
9. Semiconductors are shown to be good detectors of radio waves.
10. The basic ingredients of a communications model include a source, encoder, message, channel, decoder, receiver, feedback and noise.
11. The idea to use this substance is not new.
12. The new devices have a number of advantages over the old ones.
13. The temperature of a conductor being raised, the motion of the electrons in the conductor increases.
14. The universities are large centres of education, aren’t they?
15. Who was the first to invent the electric lamp?
16. Which part of the concert did you like most?
17. The whole structure of the information industry remains unchanged.
18. What did electronics produce?
19. Did you answer the questions really well?
20. Yesterday the students of our group came to help me with mathematics.
21. When making the experiment he made notes.
22. What must Mike do to support his views?
23. We shall have completed our experiments by the end of the week.
24. Popov has become the inventor of the radio, May 7 being celebrated each year as "Radio Day" in the Soviet Union.
25. They couldn't have at least paid the postage.
26. The company shouldn't waste any more time on this project.
27. Some day atomic energy might have been used to control the weather of the world.
28. Don't light the lamps.
29. He knew that no one could help him.
30. She asked when the new programme would start.
31. I know my parents would be glad to see you.
32. After Hertz had published his experiments proving the existence of electromagnetic waves, A.S. Popov thought of a possibility of using Hertz waves for transmitting signals over a distance.
33. For an electrician the most important question is whether a solid is a conduct­or of electricity or not.
34. Why this is so remains a matter of dispute.
35. Circuits that can perform this logical operation and similar ones have been built and tested.
36. A material which allows electricity to flow through it is called a conductor.
37. A transistor is a small electronic device whose function is the same as that of an electronic tube.
38. As it was very late, everybody went home.
39. The lower the price, the less likely it is that new firms will attempt to enter the market.
40. If sound could propagate in interplanetary space it would cover this distance in 14 years.
41. Provided all of the requirements were met, the efficiency of the apparatus would be increased.
42. Although the existence of computer was a reality, only in 1970s have we got a microprocessor.
43. It was not until mid-90ies that some progress was observed.
44. It is these facts that drew our special attention.
45. Atomic energy finds such wide and varied application in our life that our age might be called the age of atom.

Упражнение 5

1. There are no chemical plants in our town.
2. For a long time the electronic devices were being used for control.
3. It being too late, they decided to stop working.
4. There are two diagrams in this figure, one of them showing the relation between volume and temperature.
5. The importance of scientific researches and discoveries is growing with every year.
6. I'm going to make a report.
7. Their having heated the substance changed the results of the experiment.
8. This article is about the story of radio.
9. We can now examine structures too small to be visible, can’t we?
10. We may group these substances according to their specific gravity.
11. What can a computer do?
12. What does automation offer the society?
13. What is the problem of further miniaturization of computers?
14. What is the subject of Mike's research?
15. What operations do automatic systems perform?
16. Where does he study?
17. While testing the motor we put down the results.
18. Carrying out the experiment he made use of some new instruments.
19. In the previous section you were given some facts to illustrate this phenomenon.
20. It took five years to develop the machine.
21. Lomonosov was an outstanding inventor both in the humanities and in exact sciences.
22. Penetrating into space was very important for mankind.
23. Upon adding heat we can change the state of a substance, can’t we?
24. Much research has been carried out in order to establish the causes of this phenomenon.
25. My friend has already published the results of his discovery.
26. It would be impossible to measure the temperature of Venus without a radio-telescope.
27. When did you find out that the professor would lecture on the latest developments in cybernetics?
28. He asked if anyone wanted to take early retirement.
29. We know that automation ensures better working conditions in operation.
30. Whilethe man was describing this phenomenon he illustrated it with examples.
31. When the lectures are over, we shall go to the reading hall.
32. The main factor of Siberia's industrial development is that large territorial production complexes are being built there.
33. What we have seen has been a steady quantitative evolution: smaller and smaller electronic components performing increasingly complex electronic functions at ever higher speeds.
34. The discovery of the electron, and the investigations into its nature which followed, led to a revolution in physical science.
35. The engineer might have overlooked something that may turn out to be important in carrying out this experiment.
36. The engineer I have just told you was glad to have obtained such good results.
37. Moscow University was named after M. V. Lomonosov because it was due to him that the University was founded in 175
38. Should one transmitter fail, the other takes over its functions.
39. If a machine is to make usable translations, the machine itself must be able to extract some meaning of the text.
40. If he had been able to get all the books on that subject, his report would have been much better.
41. They applied new methods of work so that the automatic line (should) be installed in time.
42. It was not until the Industrial Revolution that metals began to be employed in really vast quantities.
43. It is these characteristics that are important to us.

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