VII. Read the text and say what part of the text characterizes the guiding principles of sociology

Glossary

affection – любовь, чувства attempt – попытка behaviour - поведение census – перепись, сбор сведений comprehensive – полный, всеобъемлющий concern – касаться contribute – вносить вклад, способствовать development – развитие differ – отличаться discover – исследовать, делать открытие exchange – обмен, замена expansion – увеличение, распространение identify – выделять, отличать illegal – незаконный, неправомерный import – импортировать, вводить intangibles – нематериальный, неосязаемый interaction – взаимодействие lead – вести, сопровождать literate – грамотный, образованный pattern – образец, модель, принцип primitive – первобытный, примитивный psychology – психология public opinion poll – опрос общественного мнения questionnaire – анкетирование related – связанный relations – отношения remain – оставаться research – исследование response – ответ, реакция science - наука share – делить, разделять society – общество sociology – социология subject matter – тема, предмет обсуждения survey – опрос, обзор tool – инструмент, метод uncovering – раскрытие, обнажение unite – объединять urge – убеждать, настаивать

II. Answer the following questions:

1.Who was the first to suggest the name sociology? 2.Who were the first sociologists? 3.What were they mainly interested in? 4.What country was sociology as an academic discipline imported from? 5.What is the subject matter of sociology? 6.What other disciplines is sociology closely connected with? 7.What differs sociology from psychology and anthropology? 8.What is the goal of sociologists? 9.What fields of knowledge does sociology consist of?

III. Explain the difference concerning the subject matter between:

a) sociology and economy; b) sociology and criminology; c) sociology and history.

IV. Prove by the facts that: 1. Sociology is a social science. 2. Sociology is a broader discipline than the other social sciences. 3. Sociology is made up of micro sociology and macro sociology.

V. Speak on:

1. The origin of sociology. 2. Its subject matter. 3. Differences and similarities of sociology and other social sciences. 4. Major fields of sociology. 5. Basic sociological research methods.

VI. Discuss in the group the following:

1. What do you think: sociology is a field of the arts or the sciences? 2. Can there be a civilization without the social sciences? Will it be a rational and healthy society? 3. Your parents don't want you to study sociology. How would you persuade them that this is your real vo­cation?

Sociology, as a science, takes its point of departure from the materialist world outlook in its application to the solution of social problems. In this application sociology demonstrates its scientific character as it employs some guiding principles in the understanding of social affairs. are:

1) The society in its development is regulated by objective laws discovered by science.

2) Views and institutions, political, ideological and cultural developments arise on the basis of the development of the material life of society.

3) Ideas and institutions, which thus arise on the basis of conditions of material life play an active role in the development of material life. So, sociology studies regularities in social processes, connections between social events, which are independent of our consciousness and will, social relations and social institutions. Sociology is concerned, as well, with circum­stances which give rise to the formation of aims and intentions in people's minds. Different people have diffe­rent aims. This does not mean that individual psychologies differ, but it expresses the fact that people find themselves in different circumstances, with different interests arising from those circumstances.

VIII. Answer: What are the sociologists concerned with? Use the words in brackets.

The sociologists are concerned with (social institutions, social relations, social groups, group classification, group properties, group types).

IX. Translate the following sentences into Russian:

1. He was greatly concerned with the latest sociological research. 2. In their conversation they concerned a great number of vital problems. 3. His main concern was sociology. 4. They talked much concerning the main points of his report. 5. She was concerned with the problem of social rela­tions at the high level of the society's development.

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