Запомните слова и словосочетания. Переведите интернациональные слова

Переведите интернациональные слова.

Дайте тексту название.

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Information-to-Swallow (1)

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Assessment

Переведите цепочки существительных.

A.

Inevitability

Legalization inevitability

Processes legalization inevitability

Control processes legalization inevitability

System control processes legalization inevitability

Protection system control processes legalization inevitability

Fire protection system control processes legalization inevitability

B.

Rating assessment

Period rating assessment

Resistance period rating assessment.

Fire resistance period rating assessment

Elements fire resistance period rating assessment

Masonry elements fire resistance period rating assessment

Concrete masonry elements fire resistance period rating assessment

ü The fire resistance rating period of concrete masonry elements can be...

ü The calculated method is based on...

ü Fire testing of concrete masonry...

ü Load bearing units are commonly available to include.

ü The listing service...

ü Extensive testing has established...

ü The fire resistance rating of concrete masonry is...

7. Расскажите о методах, определяющих огнестойкость:

§ calculation;

§ listing service;

§ testing;

1. The method became more effective about 5000 years ago. 2. The ancient people used lenses and mirrors for the purpose. 3. How and where man learnt to produce flame at will is unknown. 4. Maybe, it was made with wood or stone through friction. 5. Fire and water are good servants, but bad masters. 6. The control of fire was the first of humanity's 'know-how'. 7. To early man fire was a religious gift in the form of lightning, forest fires or burning lava. (370 п.зн.)

TEXT С

model, test, element, component, assembly, guarantee, imitation, evacuation, analyze, architecture, parameter, laminate, practical situa- tion, elevate, limit, computer-processing, formula, calculation, rehabil- itation, total, protection, rating, period.

building integrity — целостность здания;

severe fire conditions — сложные/жёсткие условия пожара;

to make escape — организовать спасение;

faultless model — точная модель/образец;

feasible— подходящий, годный, осуществимый;

to provide basic data — давать исходные/основные данные;

laminated timber beam — слоённый (клееный) деревянный брус;

steel stud wall — стена, обитая сталью;

concrete slab — бетонная плита;

to assess — оценивать, давать оценку;

building rehabilitation — восстановление здания;

concrete filling — бетонный заполнитель;

drywall — гипсокартон, стена сухой кладки (без раствора);

finish — отделка, покрытие, отделочная обработка.

3. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания. Fire Resistance Analysis

[The fire resistance requirements and building codes ensure building integrity for a certain period of time under severe fire condi­tions and permit occupants' evacuation and firefighters' access.]⁰ A key principle is: anyone confronted by fire can turn away from it and make a safe escape.

To meet fire resistance requirements in building codes is to subject specimens to costly and time-consuming fire tests. Current develop­ments have made it possible to analyze and predict fire resistance by faultless models. [Developed to imitate behaviour of beams, columns, floors and walls exposed to fire, such models are feasible under severe fire conditions.]⁰

Recent models have been programmed to provide basic data for reinforced-concrete columns, multi-layer concrete slabs, laminated timber beams and columns.

[There are numerous formulas either to analyze fire resistance of major building materials or to predict the fire resistance of insulated
steel beams and columns, unprotected steel, load-bearing steel stud walls, and solid and hollow concrete slabs.]⁰ All such formulas must involve calculations of each component of the assembly.

[These models are proved to determine fire resistance in many sit­uations, particularly when testing is not feasible, such as in assessing installed building elements for the purpose of upgrading structural fire protection in a building rehabilitation ]⁰ In addition, testing is often not feasible because the assembly is too large for test facilities.

New models are to obtain total information about innovative mate­rials (high-strength concrete under fire conditions, for example) or on new approaches in structural fire protection viz the use of concrete fillings in hollow steel columns to provide improved fire resistance.

If the cells of hollow masonry unit are filled with approved mate­rials (such as sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, pumice, scoria, shale, clay, slate, expanded fly-ash, cinders, perlite or vermiculite),* the equivalent thickness of the assembly is considered the same as the actual thickness.

Drywall, plaster or stucco finishes are added for architectural rea­sons and provide extra fire resistance as well.

The high-strength columns are able to bear a higher load than nor­mal-strength concrete without notable damage, the limit of fire resis­tance period being 2 hours.

(1 980 п.зн.)

slag — stony waste matter separated from metals during the smelting or refining of ore.

Pumice — a very light and porous volcanic rock. Scoria — basaltic lava ejected from a volcano; slag.

Shale — a dark fine-grained laminated sedimentary rock; breaks easily into thin layers.

Slate — a fine-grained rock easily split into flat plates.

Fly ash — fine solid particles of ash carried into the air during combustion.

Cinder — the black pieces left after smth (wood or coal) has burned away; slag.

Perlite — a form of obsidian consisting of glassy globules.

Vermiculite — mineral, an alteration product of mica and other minerals.

(520 п.зн.)

Дата добавления: 2014-12-29