Graphics and communications software

Filing and printing Whatever you compose or revise in a document stays in the computer’s memory until you save or file it on a disk. Filing is accomplished by using commands that name and save a fully or partially finished document on a disk

For more extensive revisions, you can move, copy, or delete entire paragraphs or other specially marked blocks of text. Revising also includes changing how the document appears, which is called reformatting. This capa­bility includes changing from single to double spacing—or vice versa—as well as changing the width of the printed text by resetting the left and/or right margins.

Word processors come with options that help you to compose complex documents. They include spelling checkers, thesaurus programs, form-letter addressing programs, and programs that can insert graphics and pictures into your document.

Most word processors have a feature called page preview that allows you to view a screen representation of how pages will be produced by the printer. Others are designed to reproduce the words on the page in exactly the same format as they appear on the display screen. One of the benefits of word processing is its ability to revise and edit draft copies without having to print each version. Only the finished draft need be printed.

4.4 Find synonyms.

Perform, purchase, contain, specific, handle, benefit, select, begin, look for, blank, locate, next, permit, go on, make up, see, fast, ability, accomplish, buy, include, particular, symbol, manipulate, choose, alter, insert, start, position, indicate, allow, continue, advantage, view, quick, paste, empty, mark, following, character, compose, make changes, search, capability.

4.5 Give English equivalents.

У відповідь на, редагувати документ, ставати очевидним, вибирати опцію, чернетка, підрядкова примітка, заголовок, рубрика, підкреслювати, абзац (відступ), до того ж, подвійний інтервал, вилучати, мати професійний вигляд, орфографічний коректор, рух курсору, прикладне програмне забезпечення, вирівнювання/узгодження, об’єднання, клавіша прямого перегляду.

4.6 Explain the following terms in your own words.

Word processing, cursor, spelling checker, page preview, general-purpose program, special-purpose program, word wrap, scrolling.

4.7 Look at the words in the box and complete the following sentences with them.

1. ______________ stands for “what you see is what you get”. It means that your printout will precisely match what you see in the screen.

2. ______________ refers to the process by which the space between the words in a line is divided evenly to make the text flush with both left and right margins.

3. You can change font by selecting the font name and point size from the ­­­­__________.

4. ______________ refers to a distinguishing visual characteristic of a type face; “italic”, for example is a __________ that may be used with a number of typeface.

5. The ­­­_________ menu of a word processor allows you to set margins, page numbers, spaces between columns and paragraph justifications.

6. ______________ enables you to combine two files, one containing names and addresses and the other containing a standard letter.

7. An ____________ is the distance between the beginning of a line and the left margin, or the end of the line and the right margin. Indented text is usually narrower than text without ___________.

4.8 Answer the questions.

1. What kind of work does application software perform?

2. What categories can application software be divided into?

3. What are the advantages of general-purpose software?

4. What does the term “word-processing” mean?

5. What is one of the powerful features of word processing?

6. What options do word processors come with?

7. What is page preview?

5.1 Read and translate the following words and word-combinations.

Methods and techniques, arcade games, in conjunction with, sophisticated presentations, the growing popularity, a step-by-step series, convey ideas, share programs and information, message-passing centre, topical in nature, a projection panel, directory services, computer-to-computer communication, various modes of communication, switching between functions.

5.2 Learn key words and phrases.

arcade game – відеогра в реальному часі

business graphics – ділова графіка

chart (n) – схема; креслення; діаграма

communication software – програмне забезпечення зв’язку

computer graphics – комп’ютерна графіка

computer-aided design (CAD)– автоматизоване проектування

draw program – графічна програма

electronic bulletin board – електронна дошка об’яв

electronic mail – електронна пошта

file structure – структура файлу

graphics software – програмні засоби машинної графіки

log on a system – завантажувати систему

modem (n) – модем

paint program – програма малювання

presentation graphics – супровідна графіка

share programs – спільно користуватися програмами

spreadsheet program – електронна таблиця

stand-alone – автономний

5.3 Read and translate the text.

Computer graphics is a broad term that refers to the methods and tech­niques used to draw pictures or images on display screens or on graphic printers and plotters. You have probably seen computer graphics in arcade and educa­tional games and in special effects on television programs and films. Another use for graphics is in the graphical user interfaces, where pictures are used in conjunc­tion with words to communicate with the user.

Graphic software for personal com­puters can be used to create charts, pre­sentations, maps, drawings, diagrams, and pictures. The simplest graphic soft­ware consists of paint and draw pro­grams. A paint program pro­vides commands to create lines, circles, rectangles, and other shapes, as well as do freehand sketching. A draw pro­gram provides similar capabilities, but the objects created, such as circles or rectangles, can be resized or moved around on the screen without affecting other objects. Draw programs are better suited for diagrams that must often be changed, whereas paint programs are preferred for more artistic illustrations. Computer-aided design (CAD) pro­grams use very sophisticated draw-pro­gram features to allow engineers to use their display screens as electronic draft­ing tables and eliminate the tedium of manually redrawing their designs in much the same way that the users of spreadsheet programs eliminate the te­dium of manual recalculation.

The largest application for personal computer graphic software is producing business graphics. Application software for business graphics includes two cat­egories, charting programs and presen­tation graphics programs.

Charting programs are built-in components of spreadsheet programs. These programs are capable of trans­forming data that are contained in their spreadsheet into charts - graphics or diagrams that display data or the relationships among data in pictorial form. Common chart types include bar, line, and pie charts.

Presentation graphics programs are stand-alone programs that help you create presentations including output to transparencies or slides.

The traditional presentation involves a step-by-step series of slides consisting of bullet-pointed text and accompanying graphics. It is typi­cally used to supplement a human speaker who is trying to convey ideas to another person or a group of people. More sophisticated presentations incorpo­rate animation, sound, and video, thanks to the growing popularity of multimedia.

COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE. By itself, a personal computer is a power­ful and interesting tool, but when it can communicate with other computers, a whole new world of applications opens up. Groups of computers linked to­gether in networks can share programs and information. For example, you can communicate with another personal computer by sending and receiving elec­tronic mail — an application that handles the sending and receiving of electronic messages. You can connect to a public-access electronic bulletin board, software that serves as an infor­mation and message-passing centre for its users. Electronic bulletin boards are usually topical in nature and exist for almost any subject.

5.4 Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following terms and expressions.

Electronic mail, computer graphics, electronic bulletin board, paint program, message-passing centre, draw program, on-going dialog, charting program, information-providing service, desktop presentation program, communications software, stand-alone program, automatic answer mode, step-by step, log on to a system, to share programs, capture data, to transfer files, file structure.

5.5 Find synonyms.

Picture, link, occur, combined, perform, method, change, transfer, manage, apply, transform, stand – alone, use, illustration, selection, transmit, convert, begin, connect, technique, organize, alter, sophisticated, start, take place, autonomous, integrated, fulfil

5.6 Complete the sentences using the words from the box. You can use words more than once.

computer graphics computer animation CAD software  

1. ________________ are pictures and drawings produced by the computer.

2. ________________ is used to develop, model and test car designs before the actual parts are made.

3. ________________ is the process of creating objects which move across the screen.

4. Engineers use ________________ to design circuits.

5. Basically, ________________ helps users to understand complex information quickly by presenting it in a clear visual form.

5.7 Complete the sentences by using an appropriate gerund from those in the box.

creating adding clicking processing printing rendering  

1. Graphic artists like ____________ colour and depth to their drawings and designs.

2. A 32-bit painting program has a complete palette of tools for ____________ images from scratch.

3. The speed of a microprocessor is important in ____________ information.

1.Before ____________ a document, the user should decide on the layout.

2.You can open the colour palette by ____________ on the corresponding pop-up icon.

3.____________ refers to the techniques used to make realistic objects.

Translate into English.

Презентація зі сценарієм – це традиційна презентація зі слайдами, доповнена засобами кольорової графіки й анімації з виведенням відеоматеріалу на великий екран. У ній забезпечується можливість під час показу вносити зміни у процес демонстрації. Цей вид презентації належить до найпоширеніших мультимедійних презентацій, які включають титри, що пливуть по екрану і містять додаткові пояснення.

Використання анімаційного тексту в поєднанні з анімаційними діаграмами, графіками та ілюстраціями дає змогу зосередити увагу слухачів на основних положеннях і сприяє кращому запам’ятовуванню інформації.

Answer the questions.

1. What is computer graphics?

2. What do acronyms “CAD”, “CAE”, “CAM” stand for?

3. What are the benefits of using computer graphics in engineering?

4. What are the benefits of using computer graphics in the car industry?

5. What is “desktop presentation”?

6. How can you communicate with another personal computer?

Read and translate the text. Write out computer terms.

Дата добавления: 2015-01-03