Лексические упражнения

Main Resources

Managers are concerned with the following main resources: material resources, human resources, financial resources, informational resources

1. Material resources are physical materials and the equip­ment used by an organization to make a product. For example, cars are made on assembly lines. These assembly lines and the buildings that house them are material resources.

2. The most important resources of any organization are its human resources — people Some firms believe that their em­ployees are their most important assets. To keep employees con­tented, a variety of incentives are used, including higher-than-average pay, flexible working hours, recreational facilities, lengthy paid vacations, cafeterias offering inexpensive meals, etc.

3. Financial resources are the funds the organization uses to meet its obligations to various creditors. A grocery store obtains money from customers and uses a portion of that money to pay the wholesalers from which it buys food. A large bank borrows and lends money. A college obtains money in the form of tuition, income from its endowments, and federal grants. It uses the mon­ey to pay utility bills, insurance premiums, and professors’ sala­ries. Each of these transactions involves financial resources.

4. Finally, many organizations increasingly find they cannot ig­nore information. The econo­my, consumer markets, technology, politics, and cultural forces are changing so rapidly that an organization that does not adapt will probably not survive. And, to adapt to change, the organiza­tion must know what is changing and how it is changing. So, compa­nies do their best to gather information about their competitors in today’s business environment.

It is important to realize that these are only general categories of resources. Within each category there are hundreds or thousands of more specific resources. Managers must coordi­nate these groups of specific resources to produce goods and services (2500).

5. Повторите и запомните новые слова и устойчивые выражения по теме (незнакомые слова и выражения выделите):

definition (n) - определение

to manage (v) – управлять, руководить; management (n) – управление, руководство,

to apply (v) – применять; application (n) - применение

knowledge (n) - знание

to provide (v) – обеспечивать, давать, предоставлять

to develop (v) – развивать, разрабатывать

to employ (v) - нанимать, давать работу

a number of – ряд, несколько

each (a) - каждый

to re­quire (v) - требовать

certain (a) - некоторый

ability (n) - способность

skills (n) – навыки; a great skill - мастерство

to depend on (v) - зависеть

particular (a) – особый, конкретный

area (n) [eiәria]- область

level (n) - уровень

the owner of a sole proprietorship - владелец единоличной собственности

only (a) - единственный; the only child-единственный ребенок;

important (a) - важный

to achieve(v) - достигать

goal (n) - дальнесрочная цель;a primary goal – основная цель

to be concerned (v) - быть занятым чем-то, иметь дело с …

to use (v) - использовать, применять

assembly line [ ә'sembli lain](n) - конвейер

assets (n) - активы

variety (n) – разнообразие

incentive (n) – стимул

to include (v) - включать

flexible(a) - гибкий

recreational facilities - возможности для отдыха и развлечений

lengthy paid vacations – продолжительный оплачиваемый отпуск

to offer (v) - предлагать

inexpensive meals – недорогое питание

to meet obligations – выполнять обязательства

various(a) – различный, многообразный

grocery store - продовольственный магазин

to obtain (v) - получать

customer(n) – покупатель, клиент

to pay (paid, paid) (v) - платить

to buy (bought, bought) - покупать

wholesaler (n) - оптовик

to borrow money – брать деньги взаймы

to lend (lent, lent) money – давать деньги взаймы

tuition (n) [tju'i:∫n] – плата за обучение

income (n) - доход

endowment (n) [in'daumәnt] – пожертвование, благотворительный взнос

utility bills – счета за коммунальные услуги

insurance premium [in'∫uәrәns 'pri:miәm] – страховая премия

sala­ry (n) - зарплата

transaction(n) - финансовая операция, сделка

to involve (v) – включать, вовлекать, быть связанным

rapidly (adv) - быстро

to ig­nore (v) - игнорировать

consumer(n) - потребитель

to adapt (v) – приспособиться, адаптироваться

probably (adv) - вероятно

to survive (v) - выживать

to change (v) – менять; (n) - перемена

to gather (v) - собирать

competitor(n) – конкурент

external (а) - внешний

environment (n) –окружающая среда; business environment – деловой мир

to realize (v) - осознавать

hundreds or thousands – сотни тысяч

goods (всегда во множеств. числе!) (n) - товар, товары

service (n) - услуга

to produce goods and services - производить товары и услуги

6. Переведите однокоренные слова:

to apply, application; to produce, product;

to employ, employer, employee; science, scientific;

to know, knowledge; to serve, service;

to manage, manager, management; various, variety;

7. Переведите выражения в притяжательном падеже:

organization’s goals; professors’ sala­ries; today’s business environment.

Дата добавления: 2015-01-03