Инфинитивный оборот

“FOR + СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ (МЕСТОИМЕНИЕ) + ИНФИНИТИВ”

(THE FOR-TO-INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTION)

Инфинитивный оборот с предлогом for (the for-complex) состоит из существительного или местоимения, перед которым стоит предлог for, и инфинитива. Переводится оборот, в зависимости от выполняемой им функции, соответствующим придаточным предложением.

Model:

The question for him to answer was quite unexpected.

Вопрос, на который ему предстояло ответить, был совершенно неожиданным.

The for-complexes with the Infinitive в предложении могут выполнять следующие функции:

- подлежащего (subject)

Model:

For him to realize all the difficulties is absolutely necessary.

Совершенно необходимо, чтобы он ясно представлял себе все трудности.

- именной части сказуемого (predicative)

Model:

The principal aim of this edition is for the students to get all necessary information.

Основная цель этого задания заключается в том, чтобы дать студентам все необходимые сведения.

- дополнения (object)

Model:

He asked for the mail to be delivered earlier.

Он попросил, чтобы почту доставляли раньше.

- определения (attribute)

Model:

The tendency for particles to be most effective in nuclear disintegration was investigated.

Была исследована тенденция частиц проявлять наибольшую эффективность при ядерном распаде.

- обстоятельств следствия и цели (adverbial modifiers of result andpurpose )

Models:

The water content in algae is too high for them to be dried at low temperatures.	Содержание воды у водорослей слишком высоко, для того чтобы их высушивать при низкой температуре.
I shall leave the dictionary for you to use.	Я оставлю словарь, чтобы вы воспользовались им.

Exercise 1. Transform the following sentences so as to use for-complexes with the Infinitive.

Model 1: He came in the nick of time. It was usual of him. — It was usual for him to come in the nick of time.

1. She told them the truth. It was easy for her. 2. Your child must spend more time outdoors. It will be better for him. 3. He speaks too fast. I cannot follow him. 4. We are going to the country on the coming weekend. It will be good for us. 5. Old people do not usually change their habits. It is hard for them.

Model 2: He watched his father repair their TV set. It was a good experience for him. — It was a good experience for him to watch his father repair their TV set.

1. He always took part in the discussions. It was a natural thing for him. 2. She translated the whole article without a dictionary. It was not an easy thing for her. 3. I received a letter from him. It was a real joy for me. 4. Our little daughter can’t join us on this trip. It will be too long a journey.

Model 3: to stay after classes — There’s no need for you to stay after classes.

To check all the exercise, to learn the whole poem by heart, to underline this phrase, to write this down, to do the exercise again, to translate the whole paragraph, to listen to it again, to write that on the board, to come here again, to translate the whole text, to underline the passives, to do all the vocabulary exercises, to rewrite all your essay, to prepare the next chapter, to check up the spelling of all these words.

Exercise 2. Translate the sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the construction "for+noun+lnfinitive”.

1. For the reaction to take place the temperature should be as low as possible. 2. For the viruses to be seen a powerful electronic microscope should be used. 3. For the information to be obtained they had to perform over 200 experiments. 4. They have created all necessary conditions for the experiment to be continued. 5. 8 minutes are required for light to travel from the Sun to the Earth. 6. Certain conditions are necessary for life to be possible on planets. 7. For the seeds to develop normally they must be placed into proper conditions. 8. What is necessary for germination to occur? 9. Three months are needed for these plants to reach their maturity. 10. For tomatoes to grow well they should be provided with much warmth and light. 11. It is only for a specialist to draw a definite conclusion. 12. Certain environmental conditions are necessary for each stage to take place.

Exercise 3. Translate the sentences into English. State the function of the for-to-Infinitive construction.

1. Вам легко это говорить. 2. Это Вы должны решить. 3.Необходимо, чтобы все вещи были хорошо упакованы. 4. Первое, что я должен сделать это выяснить, когда прибывает поезд. 5. Нам необходимо встретиться с ним сегодня. 6. Им трудно понять меня. 7. Ребенку трудно сидеть спокойно длительное время. 8. Нам было несложно получить эту информацию. 9. Ей трудно взбираться по этим ступенькам. 10. Уже поздно посылать письмо. Единственное, что нам остается сделать, — это послать телеграмму.

Дата добавления: 2015-01-03