Exercise 2. Read the text. Exercise 1. Learn the following words and word-combinations

Exercise 1. Learn the following words and word-combinations.

Text I Firefighter Safety

accident – несчастный случай; катастрофа; авария

ailment – ранения, повреждения; нездоровье

apparent – видимый; явный, очевидный

bruise – синяк, кровоподтёк

contagious – заразный, инфекционный

costly – дорогой, дорогостоящий

expenses – траты, затраты, издержки

fracture – перелом; разрыв мягких тканей

incidence – охват; степень; процент

injury – травма; повреждение

interrelated - взаимосвязанный

loss – потеря

preventable – предотвратимый

readily – легко, без труда

resign to – примиряться с

scrape – царапина

severity of accidents – тяжесть несчастных случаев

stem from -происходить, исходить

sustain – (здесь) испытывать; доказывать

unfortunate – неудачливый, несчастливый

vocation – профессия

Fire fighting is one of the world’s most dangerous jobs, and accidents in this profession can result in costly losses – the greatest loss being the death of a firefighter. Other losses may include lost manpower (due to injuries), damaged equipment (which is expensive to repair or replace), and legal expenses. In order to prevent these losses, it is necessary to prevent the accidents that cause them. Reducing accidents will save lives and money.

There are two basic factors that motivate accident control efforts within the fire fighting profession: the human factor and the economic factor. The human factor, while interrelated with economics, stems from the natural desire to conserve human resources to prevent needless suffering from physical pain or emotional stress. The economic factor includes legal expenses and expenses caused by the loss of manpower, apparatus, equipment, tools, property, or systems.

Yet despite these two strong motivational factors, firefighters have traditionally accepted injuries and related losses as part of their vocation. Knowing their job to be one of the most hazardous, many firefighters are resigned to occupational accidents, injuries, and fatalities; and this is compounded by the stereotypical image of the firefighter as heroic and fearless in the face of danger. Most firefighter injuries are a direct result of preventable accidents.

An accident is defined as an unplanned, uncontrolled event resulting from unsafe acts and/or unsafe occupational conditions, either of which can result in injury. When an accident occurs, it indicates that something has gone wrong, that someone failed to perform safely, or that some unsafe condition existed. It is impossible to have an accident otherwise. It is also impossible to take the proper corrective steps to prevent similar accidents until the causes are known. An injury can be defined as a hurt, damage, or loss sustained as a result of an accident. An injury causes bodily harm or illness. Injuries can be visible or invisible, including such visible wounds as fractures, burns, cuts, scrapes, bruises, and electrocutions, or such usually invisible ailments as muscle strains or sprains.

The relationship between an accident and an injury is readily apparent. The injury can be the unfortunate result of the accident, although not every accident results in an injury. It is important to realize, however, that injuries will not be prevented unless the accidents that cause them are stopped.

Only by analyzing and understanding the causes of accidents is it possible to prevent them from happening. Safety reduces the number and severity of accidents.

Not only are firefighters responsible for working toward self-improvement in safety practices, but the department is also responsible for control measures within the system. These come in the form of regulations for protective clothing and equipment, and a good training program that teaches safe procedures.

Finally, the main goals of any good safety program should be to:

- Prevent human suffering, deaths injuries, illnesses, and exposures to hazardous atmospheres and contagious diseases.

- Prevent damage/loss of equipment.

- Reduce the incidence and severity of accidents and hazardous exposures.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions:

1. What can accidents in fire fighting result in?

2. What is the greatest loss in fire fighting?

3. What may other losses include?

4. Why is accidents’ prevention vital?

5. What are the two basic factors that motivate accident control efforts?

6. What do you think is more important – the humane factor or the economic factor?

7. What is “the humane factor”?

8. What is “the economic factor”?

9. How is the stereotypical image of the firefighter related to accidents, injuries and fatalities?

10. Most firefighter injuries are a direct result of preventable accidents, aren’t

they?

11. How can you define “an accident”?

12. What is the definition of “an injury”?

13. Could you give us examples of visible and invisible injuries?

14. What is the relationship between an accident and an injury?

15. What should the fire service do to prevent accidents from happening?

16. In what way is the fire department responsible for control measures within

system?

17. Which main goals should any good safety program include?

Дата добавления: 2014-12-27